Department of Psychology, Howard University, Washington, DC, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics, and Biomathematics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2016 Sep;3(3):457-65. doi: 10.1007/s40615-015-0158-z. Epub 2015 Oct 13.
The primary aims of this study were to: (1) characterize exercise stages of change among a sample of African-American men, (2) determine if exercise motivation was associated with self-reported exercise behavior, and (3) examine if groups of personal (i.e., age, BMI, income, educational attainment, and perceived health), psycho-social (i.e., exercise self-efficacy, personality type, social influence), and environmental factors (i.e., neighborhood safety) predicted stages of change for physical exercise among African-American men.
One hundred seventy African-American male participants were recruited for this study (age: 47.63(10.23) years). Participants completed a self-report questionnaire assessing study variables. Multinomial logistic regression models were used to examine the association of exercise stages of change with an array of personal, psychosocial, and environmental factors.
BMI, exercise self-efficacy, and nighttime neighborhood safety were entered as independent variables in the full model. BMI and exercise self-efficacy continued to be significant predictors of exercise stages of change in the full model. Obese men had a 9.24 greater odds of being in the action stage of change than in the maintenance stage. Also, men reporting greater exercise self-efficacy had lower odds of being in the lower stages of change categories (pre-preparation, preparation, and action) than in the maintenance stage.
Our results confirmed that using an ecological framework explained more of the variance in exercise stages of change than any of the individual components alone. Information gleaned from this study could inform interventionists of the best ways to create tailored exercise programs for African-American men.
本研究的主要目的是：(1)描述一组非裔美国男性的运动阶段变化；(2)确定运动动机是否与自我报告的运动行为相关；(3)检验个人因素(即年龄、BMI、收入、教育程度和感知健康)、心理社会因素(即运动自我效能、人格类型、社会影响)和环境因素(即邻里安全)是否可以预测非裔美国男性的身体运动阶段变化。
本研究招募了 170 名非裔美国男性参与者(年龄：47.63(10.23)岁)。参与者完成了一份自我报告问卷，评估研究变量。使用多项逻辑回归模型检验运动阶段变化与一系列个人、心理社会和环境因素的关联。
BMI、运动自我效能和夜间邻里安全被纳入全模型作为自变量。BMI 和运动自我效能在全模型中仍然是非裔美国男性运动阶段变化的显著预测因素。肥胖男性进入行动阶段的可能性是维持阶段的 9.24 倍。此外，报告运动自我效能较高的男性进入较低阶段变化类别的可能性(预备前、预备和行动)低于维持阶段。
我们的结果证实，使用生态框架比任何单个因素单独解释运动阶段变化的方差更多。从这项研究中获得的信息可以为干预者提供为非裔美国男性制定量身定制的运动计划的最佳方法。
