Central venous pressure monitoring for the critically ill in Zambia.

The safety and value of central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring in 100 critically ill patients in Zambia was studied prospectively. There were six complications related to insertion, the only serious one being a hydrothorax which was recognized and treated. One patient developed catheter-related septicaemia. CVP measurement altered proposed fluid management in 19 cases, determined management in 31 in whom fluid status was uncertain and confirmed fluid therapy in 50. Additional benefits of central venous catheterization were drug infusion in 33 patients and venous access in 53. Technical problems during monitoring occurred in 54 cases and were due to kinking of the catheter, blockage or inadvertent removal. In our circumstances the risks of cannulation of central veins seem justified in selected patients but good nursing supervision of patients is necessary.