Department of Anthropology, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA.
Am J Phys Anthropol. 2013 Jun;151(2):325-30. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.22274. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
Prior to the introduction of reflectance spectrophotometry into anthropological field research during the 1950s, human skin color was most commonly classified by visual skin color matching using the von Luschan tiles, a set of 36 standardized, opaque glass tiles arranged in a chromatic scale. Our goal was to establish a conversion formula between the tile-based color matching method and modern reflectance spectrophotometry to make historical and contemporary data comparable. Skin pigmentation measurements were taken on the forehead, inner upper arms, and backs of the hands using both the tiles and a spectrophotometer on 246 participants showing a broad range of skin pigmentation. From these data, a second-order polynomial conversion formula was derived by jackknife analysis to estimate melanin index (M-index) based on tile values. This conversion formula provides a means for comparing modern data to von Luschan tile measurements recorded in historical reports. This is particularly important for populations now extinct, extirpated, or admixed for which tile-based measures of skin pigmentation are the only data available.
在 20 世纪 50 年代反射分光光度法被引入人类学实地研究之前，人类肤色最常通过使用冯·吕森比色板（一套 36 块标准化不透明玻璃比色板，按色度顺序排列）进行视觉比色匹配来分类。我们的目标是建立比色板比色法和现代反射分光光度法之间的转换公式，使历史和当代数据具有可比性。我们在 246 名肤色范围广泛的参与者的额头、内上臂和手背部位，同时使用比色板和分光光度计进行皮肤色素测量。从这些数据中，通过刀切分析推导出一个二次多项式转换公式，根据比色板值估算黑素指数（M-index）。该转换公式提供了一种将现代数据与历史报告中记录的冯·吕森比色板测量值进行比较的方法。对于现在已经灭绝、灭绝或混合的人群来说，这一点尤为重要，因为比色板测量的皮肤色素是唯一可用的数据。
