Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2013 Aug 1;208(3):463-7. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jit189. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
Daily preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) is a novel strategy for preventing human immunodeficiency virus infection. We investigated in macaques whether FTC/TDF prevents transmission of a tenofovir-resistant simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) containing the K65R mutation. Six macaques received weekly a dose of FTC/TDF 3 days before rectal SHIV exposures and a second dose 2 hours after. Six untreated animals were controls. Animals were exposed rectally to escalating virus doses weekly for up to 28 weeks. PrEP significantly delayed infection with SHIVK65R (P = .028), although 4 of 6 FTC/TDF-treated macaques were infected at the end of the challenges. These findings highlight the need to closely monitor PrEP efficacy in areas with prevalent K65R.
每日暴露前预防（PrEP）用恩曲他滨/替诺福韦酯富马酸（FTC/TDF）是预防人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染的一种新策略。我们在猕猴中研究了 FTC/TDF 是否能预防含有 K65R 突变的耐替诺福韦的猴免疫缺陷病毒（SHIV）的传播。六只猕猴在直肠 SHIV 暴露前 3 天每周接受一次 FTC/TDF 剂量，暴露后 2 小时接受第二次剂量。六只未经治疗的动物作为对照。动物每周接受递增剂量的病毒直肠暴露，持续 28 周。PrEP 显著延迟了 SHIVK65R 的感染（P=0.028），尽管在挑战结束时，6 只 FTC/TDF 治疗的猕猴中有 4 只被感染。这些发现强调了在 K65R 流行的地区密切监测 PrEP 疗效的必要性。
