Germ Cell Development and Epigenetics Laboratory, Centre for Reproduction and Development, Monash Institute of Medical Research, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
Reproduction. 2013 Jun 14;146(1):R37-48. doi: 10.1530/REP-12-0526. Print 2013 Jul.
In mice, epiblast cells found both the germ-line and somatic lineages in the developing embryo. These epiblast cells carry epigenetic information from both parents that is required for development and cell function in the fetus and during post-natal life. However, germ cells must establish an epigenetic program that supports totipotency and the configuration of parent-specific epigenetic states in the gametes. To achieve this, the epigenetic information inherited by the primordial germ cells at specification is erased and new epigenetic states are established during development of the male and female germ-lines. Errors in this process can lead to transmission of epimutations through the germ-line, which have the potential to affect development and disease in the parent's progeny. This review discusses epigenetic reprogramming in the germ-line and the transmission of epigenetic information to the following generation.
在小鼠胚胎中，胚外细胞在发育中的胚胎中同时具有生殖系和体系谱系。这些胚外细胞携带来自父母双方的表观遗传信息，这些信息对于胎儿和出生后的发育以及细胞功能是必需的。然而，生殖细胞必须建立一个支持全能性和配子中亲本特异性表观遗传状态配置的表观遗传程序。为了实现这一点，在原始生殖细胞特化时继承的表观遗传信息被擦除，并且在雄性和雌性生殖系的发育过程中建立新的表观遗传状态。这个过程中的错误会导致表观突变通过生殖系传播，从而有可能影响父母后代的发育和疾病。这篇综述讨论了生殖系中的表观遗传重编程以及表观遗传信息向后代的传递。
