University of Washington/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
Curr Opin Oncol. 2013 Jul;25(4):384-9. doi: 10.1097/CCO.0b013e3283622c77.
The purpose of this review is to present the most recent advances in the diagnosis of the more common leiomyosarcoma (LMS) anatomic variants, potentially useful prognostic markers that have recently been identified and the systemic approaches currently used or under evaluation to improve the outcome of patients with this disease.
Over the last few years emphasis has been placed on incorporating effective imaging tools and using pathological biomarkers in the diagnostic workup of LMS. Moreover, efforts are being made to identify meaningful prognostic and predictive parameters that will aid the development of effective novel therapeutics. The number of systemic therapies available to treat LMS has increased over the last decade, but the selection of systemic therapy is not based on the anatomic origin of LMS.
Currently, the only curative option in LMS is surgery and despite progress in systemic therapy the outcome of patients with advanced/metastatic disease remains poor. Better understanding of the underlying biology of the LMS variants, improved diagnostics and more effective, less toxic therapeutic agents are required.
本文旨在介绍目前常见的平滑肌肉瘤（LMS）解剖变体诊断方面的最新进展，以及最近发现的一些可能有用的预后标志物，同时还介绍了目前用于或正在评估中的改善该疾病患者预后的系统方法。
在过去的几年中，人们越来越重视将有效的影像学工具和病理生物标志物纳入 LMS 的诊断工作中。此外，人们正在努力确定有意义的预后和预测参数，以帮助开发有效的新型治疗方法。过去十年中，可用于治疗 LMS 的系统疗法数量有所增加，但系统疗法的选择并非基于 LMS 的解剖起源。
目前，LMS 的唯一治愈方法是手术，尽管在系统治疗方面取得了进展，但晚期/转移性疾病患者的预后仍然较差。需要更好地了解 LMS 变体的潜在生物学特性，提高诊断水平，并开发更有效、毒性更小的治疗药物。
