GM Crops Food. 2013 Apr-Jun;4(2):109-19. doi: 10.4161/gmcr.24459. Epub 2013 Apr 1.
Given the increasing awareness and appreciation of issues such as global warming and the impact of mankind's activities such as agriculture on the global environment, this paper updates previous assessments of the environmental impact of an important and relatively new technology, crop biotechnology has had on global agriculture. It focuses on the environmental impacts associated with changes in pesticide use and greenhouse gas emissions arising from the use of GM crops. The adoption of the technology has reduced pesticide spraying by 474 million kg (-8.9%) and, as a result, decreased the environmental impact associated with herbicide and insecticide use on these crops [as measured by the indicator the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ)] by 18.1%. The technology has also facilitated a significant reduction in the release of greenhouse gas emissions from this cropping area, which, in 2011, was equivalent to removing 10.22 million cars from the roads.
鉴于人们对全球变暖以及农业等人类活动对全球环境的影响等问题的认识和重视不断提高，本文对作物生物技术这一重要且相对较新的技术对全球农业的环境影响进行了更新评估。它侧重于与使用转基因作物相关的农药使用和温室气体排放变化有关的环境影响。该技术的采用使农药喷洒减少了 4.74 亿公斤（减少了 8.9%），因此，通过环境影响指标（EIQ）衡量，与这些作物上使用的除草剂和杀虫剂相关的环境影响减少了 18.1%。该技术还大大减少了该种植区温室气体的排放，相当于 2011 年从道路上减少了 1022 万辆汽车的排放量。
