Lammers C-H, Vater A, Roepke S
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Asklepios Klinik Nord - Ochsenzoll, Langenhornerchaussee 560, 22419 Hamburg, Deutschland.
Nervenarzt. 2013 Jul;84(7):879-86; quiz 887-8. doi: 10.1007/s00115-013-3772-1.
Narcissism is a multifaceted term which encompasses traits of normal personality as well as a specific personality disorder. While much research has been concerned with narcissism as a trait there are only few empirical studies available on narcissistic personality disorder (NPS). The current diagnostic of NPS according to DSM-IV-TR focuses on grandiose type narcissism whereas vulnerable narcissism, which has been described by clinicians and researchers has not yet been recognised. Psychotherapy of narcissistic patients through different psychotherapeutic schools focuses mainly on processes in the therapeutic relationship, the analysis and change of grandiose and vulnerable schemas, emotion regulation techniques and correction of narcissistic behavior in favor of prosocial interactions.
自恋是一个多层面的术语，它既包含正常人格特质，也涵盖一种特定的人格障碍。虽然已有大量研究关注作为一种特质的自恋，但关于自恋型人格障碍（NPS）的实证研究却为数不多。根据《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版修订版（DSM-IV-TR），目前对NPS的诊断主要集中在夸大型自恋，而临床医生和研究人员所描述的脆弱型自恋尚未得到认可。通过不同心理治疗流派治疗自恋患者，主要侧重于治疗关系中的过程、对夸大和脆弱模式的分析与改变、情绪调节技巧以及纠正自恋行为以促进亲社会互动。
