Station d'Ecologie Expérimentale du CNRS à Moulis , Moulis , France.
PeerJ. 2013 Feb 26;1:e44. doi: 10.7717/peerj.44. Print 2013.
Dispersal plays a key role in natural systems by shaping spatial population and evolutionary dynamics. Dispersal has been largely treated as a population process with little attention to individual decisions and the influence of information use on the fitness benefits of dispersal despite clear empirical evidence that dispersal behavior varies among individuals. While information on local density is common, more controversial is the notion that indirect information use can easily evolve. We used an individual-based model to ask under what conditions indirect information use in dispersal will evolve. We modeled indirect information provided by immigrant arrival into a population which should be linked to overall metapopulation density. We also modeled direct information use of density which directly impacts fitness. We show that immigrant-dependent dispersal evolves and does so even when density dependent information is available. Use of two sources of information also provides benefits at the metapopulation level by reducing extinction risk and prolonging the persistence of populations. Our results suggest that use of indirect information in dispersal can evolve under conservative conditions and thus could be widespread.
扩散在自然系统中起着关键作用，塑造了空间种群和进化动态。尽管有明确的经验证据表明，扩散行为在个体之间存在差异，但扩散一直被视为一个种群过程，很少关注个体决策和信息使用对扩散适应性收益的影响。虽然有关局部密度的信息很常见，但更具争议的是，间接信息使用可以很容易进化的观点。我们使用基于个体的模型来询问在什么条件下，扩散中的间接信息使用会进化。我们通过移民进入种群来模拟间接信息，这种信息应该与总体的复合种群密度有关。我们还模拟了直接信息使用密度，这直接影响适应性。我们表明，移民依赖的扩散会进化，即使存在密度依赖信息也是如此。两种信息源的使用还通过降低灭绝风险和延长种群的持续时间，在复合种群水平上提供了益处。我们的结果表明，在保守条件下，扩散中的间接信息的使用可以进化，因此它可能很普遍。
