Grup de Nutrició, Maneig i Benestar Animal, Departament de Ciència Animal i dels Aliments, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2013 May;97 Suppl 1:6-12. doi: 10.1111/jpn.12046.
High doses of Zn are widely used for prevention and treatment of diarrhoea in weaning piglets; however, the mechanism of action of Zn against diarrhoea is still not well understood. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether weaning induces Zn deficiency in piglets. Eight litters of primiparous sows were selected for the experiment, and 3 piglets presenting similar weights were selected within each litter. Two of the three selected piglets from each litter were weaned at 21d of age and fed two different diets: a commercial control diet (WCt) and the same diet plus 2000 ppm of Zn as ZnO (WZn). The third selected pig from each litter was kept unweaned (Uw) with the sow and the rest of the litter. All 24 selected animals were killed at 28 d of age, and blood, gastrointestinal content, liver, pancreas and spleen were sampled for Zn, Fe and Cu analysis (mg/kg or L of sample). Data were analysed using anova including treatment as a fixed factor. Weaned pigs fed WCt diet presented a lower Zn concentration in plasma than Uw animals (0.76 ± 0.091 vs. 1.10 ± 0.099 mg/L, p = 0.05). Zinc levels in liver, pancreas and spleen were not affected by weaning. Total concentration of Zn was higher in gastrointestinal contents of weaned animals fed WCt diet than in Uw pigs (p ≤ 0.001 for stomach, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon). Supplementation with high doses of ZnO increased levels of Zn in gastrointestinal content (p < 0.001), liver (p < 0.001) and pancreas (p < 0.001) compared to WCt diet. It also increased plasma Zn to non-deficient levels (1.32 ± 0.086), but the increase was not as marked as in other locations and final concentration was not different than that in Uw animals (p = 0.231). Weaning creates a Zn deficiency situation in weaned pigs as observed by plasma Zn concentrations. ZnO supplementation counteracts Zn deficiency.
高剂量的锌被广泛用于预防和治疗断奶仔猪腹泻；然而，锌对抗腹泻的作用机制仍不清楚。本研究旨在评估断奶是否会导致仔猪缺锌。选择了 8 窝初产母猪进行实验，每窝选择了 3 只体重相似的仔猪。每窝的 3 只选定仔猪中的 2 只于 21 日龄断奶，并喂食两种不同的饮食：商业对照饮食（WCt）和相同饮食加 2000 ppm 的氧化锌（WZn）。每窝的第三只选定仔猪与母猪和其余仔猪一起保持未断奶（Uw）。所有 24 只选定动物于 28 日龄处死，采集血液、胃肠道内容物、肝脏、胰腺和脾脏进行锌、铁和铜分析（mg/kg 或样品 L）。数据采用包括处理作为固定因子的方差分析进行分析。喂食 WCt 饮食的断奶仔猪的血浆锌浓度低于 Uw 动物（0.76 ± 0.091 对 1.10 ± 0.099 mg/L，p = 0.05）。断奶对肝脏、胰腺和脾脏中的锌含量没有影响。喂食 WCt 饮食的断奶动物的胃肠道内容物中的总锌浓度高于 Uw 猪（胃、空肠、回肠、盲肠和结肠，p ≤ 0.001）。补充高剂量的氧化锌可提高胃肠道内容物（p < 0.001）、肝脏（p < 0.001）和胰腺（p < 0.001）中的锌水平与 WCt 饮食相比。它还将血浆锌提高到非缺乏水平（1.32 ± 0.086），但增加幅度不如其他部位明显，最终浓度与 Uw 动物无差异（p = 0.231）。如血浆锌浓度所示，断奶会导致断奶仔猪出现缺锌情况。氧化锌补充可对抗缺锌。
