Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, 7 George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9JZ, Scotland.
Psychol Sci. 2013 Jul 1;24(7):1301-8. doi: 10.1177/0956797612466268. Epub 2013 May 2.
Understanding the determinants of socioeconomic status (SES) is an important economic and social goal. Several major influences on SES are known, yet much of the variance in SES remains unexplained. In a large, population-representative sample from the United Kingdom, we tested the effects of mathematics and reading achievement at age 7 on attained SES by age 42. Mathematics and reading ability both had substantial positive associations with adult SES, above and beyond the effects of SES at birth, and with other important factors, such as intelligence. Achievement in mathematics and reading was also significantly associated with intelligence scores, academic motivation, and duration of education. These findings suggest effects of improved early mathematics and reading on SES attainment across the life span.
理解社会经济地位（SES）的决定因素是一个重要的经济和社会目标。有几个主要因素影响 SES，但 SES 的很大一部分差异仍然无法解释。在英国一个具有代表性的大型人群样本中，我们测试了 7 岁时的数学和阅读成绩对 42 岁时获得的 SES 的影响。数学和阅读能力都与成年 SES 呈显著正相关，这超出了出生时 SES 的影响，并且与其他重要因素，如智力有关。数学和阅读方面的成就也与智力分数、学术动机和受教育时间显著相关。这些发现表明，提高早期数学和阅读能力对整个生命周期 SES 获得的影响。
