Department of Family Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci. 2013 Apr;17(7):886-94.
The aim of this study is to identify determinants that are associated with uncontrolled hypertension among black Africans in the city of Brussels.
A not-matched case-control study.
Seventy-five black Africans were assigned to a case group with uncontrolled hypertension and a control group with controlled hypertension. Demographic characteristics, lifestyle and compliance were recorded as well as their blood pressure. Compliance in patients was evaluated by means of the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-4 (MMAS-4).
The mean age of the case group was 52 years (SD 7.8) and for the control group 49 years (SD 6.2). Almost 60% were women. Uncontrolled hypertension was associated with obesity (p = 0.01) and sedentary lifestyle (p = 0.034). About 50% of women were obese and 70% of these had uncontrolled hypertension. Patients with type 2 diabetes had a 4.5 times higher risk for uncontrolled hypertension and lower compliance to the medication regimen compared to non-diabetics. Patients were often treated with diuretics (29%), renin-angiotensin inhibitors (25%), and calcium-channel inhibitors (23%). According to the MMAS4-score uncontrolled patients had an intermediate compliance and the controlled patients had a high compliance.
Black obese women and diabetics had the highest risk for uncontrolled hypertension. Compliance was significantly lower among uncontrolled patients.
本研究旨在确定与布鲁塞尔市的非裔黑人高血压未控制相关的决定因素。
非匹配病例对照研究。
将 75 名非裔黑人分配到高血压未控制的病例组和高血压控制的对照组。记录人口统计学特征、生活方式和依从性，以及他们的血压。通过 Morisky 药物依从性量表-4（MMAS-4）评估患者的依从性。
病例组的平均年龄为 52 岁（SD 7.8），对照组为 49 岁（SD 6.2）。近 60%为女性。高血压未控制与肥胖（p = 0.01）和久坐的生活方式（p = 0.034）相关。约 50%的女性肥胖，其中 70%患有高血压未控制。与非糖尿病患者相比，患有 2 型糖尿病的患者高血压未控制的风险高 4.5 倍，且对药物治疗方案的依从性较低。患者常接受利尿剂（29%）、肾素-血管紧张素抑制剂（25%）和钙通道抑制剂（23%）治疗。根据 MMAS4 评分，未控制的患者依从性处于中等水平，而控制的患者依从性较高。
肥胖的黑人女性和糖尿病患者高血压未控制的风险最高。未控制的患者的依从性明显较低。
