CSHER, Faculty of Health Sciences, Staffordshire University, Stoke on Trent, ST4 2DF, United Kingdom.
J Diabetes Complications. 2013 Jul-Aug;27(4):391-400. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.03.001. Epub 2013 May 1.
Footwear interventions are used within clinical practice in an effort to reduce ulcerations however the effectiveness of these interventions is unclear. The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review which examined the effectiveness of footwear as an intervention for prevention of diabetic foot ulcers or the reduction of biomechanical risk factors for ulceration and to discuss the quality and interpret the findings of research to date.
The CINAHL, Medline and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials databases were searched with 12 articles identified for review.
The majority of these studies were cross sectional and examined the effect of different footwear conditions on plantar pressure measurements. Factors which influenced study findings such as participant selection, measurement and analysis techniques, footwear design and compliance are discussed and recommendations for future studies are provided.
No research to date has examined the effectiveness of footwear in preventing ulceration. Conflicting findings are reported on the effective of footwear interventions to prevent reulceration. While the use of rocker sole footwear and custom orthoses in plantar pressure reduction are supported in cross sectional studies, longitudinal studies are required to confirm their benefit.
临床实践中常采用矫形鞋干预以减少溃疡的发生，但目前尚不清楚这些干预措施的有效性。本文旨在进行系统评价，以评估矫形鞋作为预防糖尿病足溃疡或降低溃疡发生的生物力学风险因素的干预措施的效果，并讨论迄今为止研究的质量和解释研究结果。
检索 CINAHL、Medline 和 Cochrane 对照试验登记处数据库，共确定了 12 篇文章进行综述。
这些研究大多为横断面研究，探讨了不同矫形鞋条件对足底压力测量的影响。讨论了影响研究结果的因素，如参与者选择、测量和分析技术、鞋类设计和依从性，并提供了对未来研究的建议。
目前尚无研究评估矫形鞋预防溃疡的有效性。关于矫形鞋干预预防再溃疡的效果存在相互矛盾的发现。虽然在横断面研究中支持使用弧形鞋底鞋和定制矫形鞋垫来降低足底压力，但需要进行纵向研究来确认其益处。
