Connecticut Mental Health Center, United States.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2013 Aug 1;45:34-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.04.016. Epub 2013 Apr 30.
This meta-analysis investigates the efficacy of exercise as a treatment for DSM-IV diagnosed anxiety disorders.
We searched PubMED and PsycINFO for randomized, controlled trials comparing the anxiolytic effects of aerobic exercise to other treatment conditions for DSM-IV defined anxiety disorders. Seven trials were included in the final analysis, totaling 407 subjects. The control conditions included non-aerobic exercise, waitlist/placebo, cognitive-behavioral therapy, psychoeducation and meditation. A fixed-effects model was used to calculate the standardized mean difference of change in anxiety rating scale scores of aerobic exercise compared to control conditions. Subgroup analyses were performed to examine the effects of (1) comparison condition; (2) whether comparison condition controlled for time spent exercising and (3) diagnostic indication.
Aerobic exercise demonstrated no significant effect for the treatment of anxiety disorders (SMD=0.02 (95%CI: -0.20-0.24), z = 0.2, p = 0.85). There was significant heterogeneity between trials (χ(2) test for heterogeneity = 22.7, df = 6, p = 0.001). The reported effect size of aerobic exercise was highly influenced by the type of control condition. Trials utilizing waitlist/placebo controls and trials that did not control for exercise time reported large effects of aerobic exercise while other trials report no effect of aerobic exercise.
Current evidence does not support the use of aerobic exercise as an effective treatment for anxiety disorders as compared to the control conditions. This remains true when controlling for length of exercise sessions and type of anxiety disorder. Future studies evaluating the efficacy of aerobic exercise should employ larger sample sizes and utilize comparison interventions that control for exercise time.
本荟萃分析调查了运动作为治疗 DSM-IV 诊断的焦虑障碍的疗效。
我们在 Pubmed 和 PsycINFO 上搜索了比较有氧运动与其他治疗条件对 DSM-IV 定义的焦虑障碍的抗焦虑作用的随机对照试验。最终分析包括 7 项试验，共 407 名受试者。对照组包括非有氧运动、等待/安慰剂、认知行为疗法、心理教育和冥想。使用固定效应模型计算与对照组相比，有氧运动对焦虑评分量表评分变化的标准化均数差。进行了亚组分析，以检查（1）比较条件；（2）比较条件是否控制运动时间；（3）诊断指示的影响。
有氧运动对治疗焦虑障碍没有显著效果（SMD=0.02（95%CI：-0.20-0.24），z=0.2，p=0.85）。试验之间存在显著的异质性（异质性检验χ(2) = 22.7，df=6，p=0.001）。有氧运动的报告效果大小受对照条件类型的显著影响。使用等待/安慰剂对照的试验和未控制运动时间的试验报告了有氧运动的大效果，而其他试验则报告有氧运动没有效果。
与对照组相比，目前的证据不支持将有氧运动作为治疗焦虑障碍的有效方法。当控制运动时间和焦虑障碍类型时，这仍然是正确的。未来评估有氧运动疗效的研究应采用更大的样本量，并使用控制运动时间的比较干预措施。
