Rezende G C, Baldassin P, Gallo H, Silva R J
Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
Braz J Biol. 2013 Feb;73(1):61-6. doi: 10.1590/s1519-69842013000100008.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the helminth fauna found in the Magellanic penguin, Spheniscus magellanicus, relating parasite population and community ecological parameters to life aspects of the host species. The study involved 237 specimens of S. magellanicus taken from the northern shore of the state of São Paulo (23° 46' S, 45° 57' W) and southern shore of the state of Rio de Janeiro (23° 02' S, 44° 13' W), Brazil. The following helminth fauna were found: the nematode Contracaecum pelagicum (core species), found in the stomach; the digenetic Cardiocephaloides physalis and the cestode Tetrabothrius lutzi (satellite species), both collected from the initial portion of the small intestine. Comparisons using the Shannon Diversity Index revealed that the parasite community in juvenile penguins is less diverse in the migratory season than the breeding season. Parasitological studies on penguins and other migratory animals provide important information on species during the time in which they remain pelagic and constitute a useful tool for the acquisition of data that is difficult to obtain through other means, thereby favoring the conservation of the species.
本研究的目的是评估麦哲伦企鹅（Spheniscus magellanicus）体内发现的蠕虫动物区系，将寄生虫种群和群落生态参数与宿主物种的生活方面联系起来。该研究涉及从巴西圣保罗州北岸（南纬23°46′，西经45°57′）和里约热内卢州南岸（南纬23°02′，西经44°13′）采集的237只麦哲伦企鹅标本。发现了以下蠕虫动物区系：在胃中发现的线虫Contracaecum pelagicum（核心物种）；从十二指肠起始部分采集的复殖吸虫Cardiocephaloides physalis和绦虫Tetrabothrius lutzi（卫星物种）。使用香农多样性指数进行的比较显示，幼年企鹅体内的寄生虫群落在迁徙季节比繁殖季节的多样性更低。对企鹅和其他迁徙动物的寄生虫学研究提供了有关这些物种在海洋生活期间的重要信息，并且是获取通过其他方式难以获得的数据的有用工具，从而有利于物种保护。
