Duncan S, Farley A M
Department of Psychology, University of Chicago, IL 60637.
Child Dev. 1990 Jun;61(3):742-53.
Convention provides a major means by which the child can achieve coordinated action with others. One aspect of the structural design of conventions is considered: the composition of a convention's interaction rules. Fixed-sequence conventions, defined as having only obligatory rules, are differentiated from variable-sequence conventions, having at least 1 optional rule. Some interactional effects of the 2 types of conventions are illustrated by a set of fixed- and variable-sequence conventions hypothesized for interaction within 2 families. Fixed- and variable-sequence conventions are placed within the larger context of the state sensitivity of conventions: the degree to which each convention provides both for participants' expressing convention-relevant states and changes in these states, and for their accommodating the interaction to these states and changes--all relevant to achieving coordinated action. The interactional effects of other major sources of state sensitivity are considered and contrasted with those of fixed- and variable-sequence conventions.
习俗提供了一种主要方式，通过它儿童能够与他人实现协同行动。本文探讨了习俗结构设计的一个方面：习俗互动规则的构成。固定顺序习俗被定义为仅具有强制性规则，它与可变顺序习俗不同，可变顺序习俗至少有一条可选规则。通过为两个家庭内部互动假设的一组固定顺序和可变顺序习俗，说明了这两种习俗的一些互动效果。固定顺序和可变顺序习俗被置于习俗状态敏感性的更大背景下：每种习俗在多大程度上既为参与者表达与习俗相关的状态及其变化提供条件，又为他们使互动适应这些状态和变化提供条件——所有这些都与实现协同行动相关。文中还考虑了状态敏感性的其他主要来源的互动效果，并将其与固定顺序和可变顺序习俗的互动效果进行了对比。
