Henderson Annette M E, Wang Ying, Matz Lauren Eisenband, Woodward Amanda L
University of Auckland, New Zealand ; University of Maryland, MD, USA.
Infancy. 2013 Jan;18(1):10-39. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-7078.2012.00126.x.
Collaborative activities in which individuals coordinate their actions to attain a common goal play a fundamental role in our everyday lives. Evidence suggests that infants engage in collaborative activities before their first birthday, however little is known about infants' understanding of collaborative action. Using a visual habituation paradigm, this research consists of two experiments designed to investigate whether 10-month-olds understand that the actions of collaborative partners are critical to the attainment of a common goal. The results of Experiment 1 suggest that 10-month-olds represent the actions of collaborating partners in terms of a common collaborative goal only after receiving active experience with a collaborative activity. Experiment 2 demonstrated that infants who received active experience with a collaborative activity viewed active engagement in a collaboration as being critical for an individual's actions to be interpreted as being directed towards a collaborative goal. Together, these findings demonstrate that 10-month-olds exhibit an understanding of the shared nature of collaborative goals after a highly salient experience with the activity. Identifying the effects of experience on infants' understanding of collaborative goals in a laboratory context provides insights into the role that experiences in their everyday lives might play in their understanding of collaboration.
个体为实现共同目标而协调行动的协作活动在我们的日常生活中起着至关重要的作用。有证据表明，婴儿在一岁前就会参与协作活动，然而，对于婴儿对协作行动的理解却知之甚少。本研究采用视觉习惯化范式，设计了两个实验，旨在探究10个月大的婴儿是否理解协作伙伴的行动对实现共同目标至关重要。实验1的结果表明，10个月大的婴儿只有在亲身参与协作活动后，才会从共同协作目标的角度来理解协作伙伴的行动。实验2表明，亲身参与过协作活动的婴儿认为，积极参与协作对于将个人行动理解为朝着协作目标的方向至关重要。这些发现共同表明，10个月大的婴儿在对该活动有了高度显著的体验后，表现出对协作目标共享性质的理解。在实验室环境中确定经验对婴儿理解协作目标的影响，有助于深入了解他们日常生活中的经验在其对协作的理解中可能发挥的作用。
