雄激素通过 Wnt/β-catenin 信号通路上调 C2C12 成肌细胞中 Notch 抑制剂 Numb 的转录,从而激活 Numb 启动子中的 T 细胞因子元件。
Androgens up-regulate transcription of the Notch inhibitor Numb in C2C12 myoblasts via Wnt/β-catenin signaling to T cell factor elements in the Numb promoter.
机构信息
James J. Peter Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Bronx, New York 10468, USA.
出版信息
J Biol Chem. 2013 Jun 21;288(25):17990-8. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M113.478487. Epub 2013 May 6.
Androgen signaling via the androgen receptor is a key pathway that contributes to development, cell fate decisions, and differentiation, including that of myogenic progenitors. Androgens and synthetic steroids have well established anabolic actions on skeletal muscle. Wnt and Notch signaling pathways are also essential to myogenic cell fate decisions during development and tissue repair. However, the interactions among these pathways are largely unknown. Androgenic regulation of Wnt signaling has been reported. Nandrolone, an anabolic steroid, has been shown to inhibit Notch signaling and up-regulate Numb, a Notch inhibitor. To elucidate the mechanisms of interaction between nandrolone and Wnt/Notch signaling, we investigated the effects of nandrolone on Numb expression and Wnt signaling and determined the roles of Wnt signaling in nandrolone-induced Numb expression in C2C12 myoblasts. Nandrolone increased Numb mRNA and protein levels and T cell factor (Tcf) transcriptional activity via inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase 3β. Up-regulation of Numb expression by nandrolone was blocked by the Wnt inhibitors, sFRP1 and DKK1, whereas Wnt3a increased Numb mRNA and protein expression. In addition, we observed that the proximal promoter of the Numb gene had functional Tcf binding elements to which β-catenin was recruited in a manner enhanced by both nandrolone and Wnt3a. Moreover, site-directed mutagenesis indicated that the Tcf binding sites in the Numb promoter are required for the nandrolone-induced Numb transcriptional activation in this cell line. These results reveal a novel molecular mechanism underlying up-regulation of Numb transcription with a critical role for increased canonical Wnt signaling. In addition, the data identify Numb as a novel target gene of the Wnt signaling pathway by which Wnts would be able to inhibit Notch signaling.
雄激素通过雄激素受体的信号转导是一个关键途径,有助于发育、细胞命运决定和分化,包括成肌祖细胞的分化。雄激素和合成类固醇对骨骼肌具有明确的合成代谢作用。Wnt 和 Notch 信号通路对于发育和组织修复过程中成肌细胞命运的决定也至关重要。然而,这些途径之间的相互作用在很大程度上是未知的。雄激素对 Wnt 信号的调节已有报道。同化类固醇诺龙已被证明抑制 Notch 信号并上调 Notch 抑制剂 Numb。为了阐明诺龙与 Wnt/Notch 信号之间相互作用的机制,我们研究了诺龙对 Numb 表达和 Wnt 信号的影响,并确定了 Wnt 信号在诺龙诱导的 C2C12 成肌细胞中 Numb 表达中的作用。诺龙通过抑制糖原合成激酶 3β增加 Numb mRNA 和蛋白水平以及 T 细胞因子(Tcf)转录活性。Wnt 抑制剂 sFRP1 和 DKK1 阻断了诺龙对 Numb 表达的上调,而 Wnt3a 增加了 Numb mRNA 和蛋白表达。此外,我们观察到 Numb 基因的近端启动子具有功能 Tcf 结合元件,β-连环蛋白通过诺龙和 Wnt3a 的增强方式募集到这些元件中。此外,定点突变表明,Numb 启动子中的 Tcf 结合位点是该细胞系中诺龙诱导的 Numb 转录激活所必需的。这些结果揭示了 Numb 转录上调的新分子机制,其中经典 Wnt 信号的增加起着关键作用。此外,这些数据表明 Numb 是 Wnt 信号通路的一个新的靶基因,Wnts 可以通过该信号通路抑制 Notch 信号。
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