Unidade de Endocrinologia do Desenvolvimento, Laboratório de Hormônios e Genética Molecular/LIM42, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 05403-000 Brazil.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2013 May;98(5):1781-8. doi: 10.1210/jc.2012-3550.
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (HH) or secondary hypogonadism is defined as a clinical syndrome that results from gonadal failure due to abnormal pituitary gonadotropin levels. HH may result from either absent or inadequate hypothalamic GnRH secretion or failure of pituitary gonadotropin secretion. Several congenital and acquired causes, including functional and organic forms, have been associated with this condition. One important aspect of the HH diagnosis is that it may reflect the presence of a tumor of the hypothalamic pituitary region or even a systemic disease. On the other hand, functional forms of HH, characterized by a transient defect in GnRH secretion, are relatively common in women, in response to significant weight loss, exercise, or stress leading to hypothalamic amenorrhea. HH is typically characterized by low circulating sexual steroids associated with low or inappropriately normal gonadotropin levels. The precise and early diagnosis of HH can prevent negative physical and psychological sequelae, preserve normal peak bone mass, and restore the fertility in affected patients.
低促性腺激素性性腺功能减退症（HH）或继发性性腺功能减退症定义为由于垂体促性腺激素水平异常导致性腺功能衰竭而引起的临床综合征。HH 可能是由于下丘脑 GnRH 分泌不足或缺乏，或垂体促性腺激素分泌不足引起的。一些先天性和后天性的原因，包括功能性和器质性的，与这种情况有关。HH 诊断的一个重要方面是，它可能反映了下丘脑-垂体区域的肿瘤的存在，甚至是全身性疾病的存在。另一方面，以 GnRH 分泌短暂缺陷为特征的功能性 HH 在女性中较为常见，与显著的体重减轻、运动或应激导致的下丘脑闭经有关。HH 的特征通常是循环中的性激素水平降低，与低或不适当的正常促性腺激素水平相关。HH 的准确和早期诊断可以预防身体和心理的不良后果，保持正常的峰值骨量，并恢复受影响患者的生育能力。
