Department of Urology, Urological Research Institute, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
BJU Int. 2013 Aug;112(4):432-41. doi: 10.1111/bju.12118. Epub 2013 Apr 12.
Several different stimuli may induce chronic prostatic inflammation, which in turn would lead to tissue damage and continuous wound healing, thus contributing to prostatic enlargement. Patients with chronic inflammation and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) have been shown to have larger prostate volumes, more severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and a higher probability of acute urinary retention than their counterparts without inflammation. Chronic inflammation could be a predictor of poor response to BPH medical treatment. Thus, the ability to identify patients with chronic inflammation would be crucial to prevent BPH progression and develop target therapies. Although the histological examination of prostatic tissue remains the only available method to diagnose chronic inflammation, different parameters, such as prostatic calcifications, prostate volume, LUTS severity, storage and prostatitis-like symptoms, poor response to medical therapies and urinary biomarkers, have been shown to be correlated with chronic inflammation. The identification of patients with BPH and chronic inflammation might be crucial in order to develop target therapies to prevent BPH progression. In this context, clinical, imaging and laboratory parameters might be used alone or in combination to identify patients that harbour chronic prostatic inflammation.
多种不同的刺激因素可导致慢性前列腺炎，进而导致组织损伤和持续的伤口愈合，从而导致前列腺增大。患有慢性炎症和良性前列腺增生 (BPH) 的患者的前列腺体积较大，下尿路症状 (LUTS) 更严重，发生急性尿潴留的可能性高于无炎症的患者。慢性炎症可能是 BPH 药物治疗反应不佳的预测因素。因此，识别患有慢性炎症的患者对于预防 BPH 进展和开发靶向治疗至关重要。尽管前列腺组织的组织学检查仍然是诊断慢性炎症的唯一可用方法，但已证明不同的参数，如前列腺钙化、前列腺体积、LUTS 严重程度、存储和前列腺炎样症状、对药物治疗的反应不佳以及尿液生物标志物与慢性炎症相关。为了开发预防 BPH 进展的靶向治疗方法，识别患有 BPH 和慢性炎症的患者可能至关重要。在这种情况下，可以单独或组合使用临床、影像学和实验室参数来识别患有慢性前列腺炎症的患者。
