Newbold Elisabeth Joy, Stackhouse Joy, Wells Bill
Department of Human Communication Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK.
Clin Linguist Phon. 2013 Jul;27(6-7):521-39. doi: 10.3109/02699206.2013.790479. Epub 2013 May 7.
Standardised tests of whole-word accuracy are popular in the speech pathology and developmental psychology literature as measures of children's speech performance. However, they may not be sensitive enough to measure changes in speech output in children with severe and persisting speech difficulties (SPSD). To identify the best ways of doing this, we compared a range of commonly used procedures for perceptual phonological and phonetic analysis of developmental speech difficulties. Data are drawn from four children with SPSD, recorded at 4 years and again at 6 years old performing naming and repetition tasks. Measures of speech output included percentage of whole words correct (PWC), percentage of consonants correct (PCC), proportion of whole-word proximity (PWP), phonological pattern (process) analysis and phonetic inventory analysis. Results indicate that PWC captures change only when identical stimuli are used across time points. PCC is a more robust indicator of change, being less affected by the choice of stimuli. PWP also captures change across time and tasks, while appearing to be more sensitive than PCC to psycholinguistic variables. PCC and PWP are thus both potentially useful tools for evaluating speech outcomes.
作为衡量儿童言语表现的指标，全词准确性标准化测试在言语病理学和发展心理学文献中很常见。然而，对于患有严重持续性言语困难（SPSD）的儿童，这些测试可能不够灵敏，无法测量其言语输出的变化。为了确定最佳的测量方法，我们比较了一系列常用于发展性言语困难的感知语音和音系分析程序。数据来自四名患有SPSD的儿童，他们在4岁时和6岁时分别进行了命名和重复任务的记录。言语输出的测量指标包括全词正确率（PWC）、辅音正确率（PCC）、全词接近度比例（PWP）、音系模式（过程）分析和音素清单分析。结果表明，只有在不同时间点使用相同刺激时，PWC才能捕捉到变化。PCC是一个更可靠的变化指标，受刺激选择的影响较小。PWP也能捕捉不同时间和任务的变化，而且似乎比PCC对心理语言学变量更敏感。因此，PCC和PWP都是评估言语结果的潜在有用工具。
