Ataei Behrooz, Shirani Kiana, Alavian Seyed Moayed, Ataie Mehdi
Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, IR Iran.
Hepat Mon. 2013 Mar 6;13(3):e6215. doi: 10.5812/hepatmon.6215. Print 2013 Mar.
Blood-borne viruses such as hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) have some common epidemiological characteristics, and have infected millions of people throughout the world. Patients infected by acute hepatitis or HIV infections may not be aware of the disease, and thereby cause transmission to others. During haircut, shave, or pedicure, barbers may accidentally expose to their clients' blood, transmit their own infection to them, or transmit the infection from one client to another. Thus the beauty salon staff has a potential role in expansion of infections.
As being barbers and barbering are risk factors to some infectious diseases, determining the role of knowledge and awareness of barbers and hairdressers about topics related to AIDS, and hepatitis B and C is important.
This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in 2010-2011 on 281 women's beauty salons located in eleven urban districts of Isfahan town. A multistage cluster sampling was performed and knowledge assessment questionnaire accompanied by practice checklist regarding hepatitis B and C, and AIDS were completed by trained interviewers. Knowledge and practice scores were determined in 0-20 and 0-10 scales, respectively. The content validity of questionnaire was confirmed by three expert opinions and the test-retest reliability of the questionnaire was determined to be 0.83 in a pilot study on 30 participants. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and one-way ANOVA test by SPSS software, version 18.
In the study, 281 hairdressers participated. There was a statistically significant relationship between education level and knowledge score of hairdressers (P < 0.001). We found a statistically significant relationship between knowledge level and job history of hairdressers according to the Pearson's correlation coefficient (P = 0.004). The results did not show any statistically significant relationship between education level and practice scores (P = 0.5). Furthermore, the job history of hairdressers and their practice score did not show a significant relationship (P = 0.77).
We obtained promising results about the knowledge and practice levels of staffs of women's beauty salons in Isfahan about AIDS, and hepatitis B and C. The target group exhibited an intermediate level of knowledge about the diseases because of important role of barbers in virus transmission; we should provide the best control, evaluation, and continuous teaching programs.
乙肝、丙肝和人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）等血源性病原体具有一些共同的流行病学特征，已在全球感染了数百万人。急性肝炎或HIV感染患者可能未意识到自身患病，从而导致疾病传播给他人。在理发、剃须或修脚过程中，理发师可能会意外接触到顾客的血液，将自身感染传播给顾客，或在顾客之间传播感染。因此，美容院工作人员在感染传播方面可能起到一定作用。
鉴于理发师和理发工作是某些传染病的危险因素，确定理发师和美发师对艾滋病、乙肝和丙肝相关主题的知识和认知水平的作用至关重要。
这项横断面描述性研究于2010 - 2011年对位于伊斯法罕市11个城区的281家女性美容院进行。采用多阶段整群抽样法，由经过培训的访谈人员完成关于乙肝、丙肝和艾滋病的知识评估问卷及实践清单。知识得分和实践得分分别采用0 - 20分和0 - 10分制。问卷的内容效度经三位专家评估确定，在30名参与者的预试验中，问卷的重测信度为0.83。使用SPSS 18.0软件进行Pearson相关系数分析和单因素方差分析。
本研究中有281名美发师参与。美发师的教育水平与知识得分之间存在统计学显著关系（P < 0.001）。根据Pearson相关系数，美发师的知识水平与工作年限之间存在统计学显著关系（P = 0.004）。结果显示教育水平与实践得分之间无统计学显著关系（P = ）。此外，美发师的工作年限与其实践得分之间也无显著关系（P = 0.77）。
我们在伊斯法罕女性美容院工作人员对艾滋病、乙肝和丙肝的知识与实践水平方面取得了有意义的结果。由于理发师在病毒传播中起重要作用，目标群体对这些疾病的知识水平处于中等程度；我们应提供最佳的控制、评估和持续教育项目。 （注：原文中“P = ”处似乎缺失数据）
