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两个不同竞技水平的冰上曲棍球运动员的最大摄氧量、无氧功率和神经肌肉性能特征

Maximum oxygen uptake, anaerobic power and neuromuscular performance characteristics in bandy players of two different competitive levels.

作者信息

Häkkinen K, Sinnemäki P

机构信息

Department of Biology of Physical Activity, University of Jyväskylä, Finland.

出版信息

J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 1990 Mar;30(1):67-73.

PMID:2366538
Abstract

Ten elite and eight other bandy players served as subjects in order to examine which characteristics in physical performance capacity might differentiate these two groups of bandy players representing a greatly different competitive level. The value of 60.0 +/- 4.8 ml.kg-1.min-1 for VO2max in the elite group was significantly (p less than 0.05) greater than that of 54.7 +/- 4.0 ml.kg-1.min-1 recorded for the control group. The elite players demonstrated, on average, greater values than the control group for the average anaerobic power output calculated during a 60 s maximal work period. The differences between the groups were significant (p less than 0.05) in the average power produced during the second (15-30 s) and third (30-45 s) work periods of the total 60 s period. No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in maximal isometric force and in the shapes of the average force-time and relaxation-time curves of the leg extensor muscles. In the total subject sample the individual values for VO2max had the highest correlation (p less than 0.01) with the individual playing ability in bandy. The present findings demonstrated that elite bandy players were differentiated from those players of a lower competitive level especially with regard to maximum oxygen uptake and also to maximal anaerobic power, while only minor differences were observed between the groups in various neuromuscular performance characteristics. The differences observed might be explainable both by the training background of the athletes and by the competitive physiological requirements of this sports event.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

摘要

为了研究身体运动能力的哪些特征可以区分这两组代表着截然不同竞争水平的冰上曲棍球运动员,选取了10名精英冰上曲棍球运动员和8名其他冰上曲棍球运动员作为研究对象。精英组的最大摄氧量为60.0±4.8毫升·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹,显著高于对照组记录的54.7±4.0毫升·千克⁻¹·分钟⁻¹(p<0.05)。在60秒的最大工作期间计算得出的平均无氧功率输出方面,精英运动员平均表现出比对照组更高的值。在整个60秒期间的第二个(15 - 30秒)和第三个(30 - 45秒)工作时段产生的平均功率方面,两组之间的差异显著(p<0.05)。在最大等长力量以及腿部伸肌的平均力 - 时间和放松时间曲线形状方面,两组之间未观察到统计学上的显著差异。在整个受试者样本中,最大摄氧量的个体值与冰上曲棍球的个人比赛能力具有最高的相关性(p<0.01)。目前的研究结果表明,精英冰上曲棍球运动员与较低竞争水平的运动员有所不同,特别是在最大摄氧量和最大无氧功率方面,而在各种神经肌肉性能特征方面,两组之间仅观察到微小差异。观察到的差异可能既可以用运动员的训练背景来解释,也可以用这项体育赛事的竞争性生理需求来解释。(摘要截短为250字)

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