Laboratory of Animal Science, Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2013 Jul 15;712(1-3):39-47. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.04.027. Epub 2013 May 9.
Anesthetics, such as the ketamine/midazolam combination, are used in research with animals and in human clinical practice; thus, it is essential to clarify the potential effects of these anesthetics on memory. This study aimed to evaluate how a low dose of the ketamine/midazolam combination affects the acquisition, consolidation, or recall of a spatial memory task. Thirty-three adult male C57BL/6 mice were divided into four treatment groups: unanesthetized control animals and three groups of animals treated with 40 mg/kg of ketamine and 10mg/kg of midazolam administered in a single intraperitoneal injection. The different treatment groups received the same anesthetic dose at different time points, to study the acquisition, consolidation, and recall of spatial memory in the Y-maze task. The percentage of correct choices was measured. Six mice were killed 4 days and 12 days after anesthesia for histopathological analyses. There were no differences between treatment and control groups regarding the acquisition of spatial memory, measured as the slope of the learning curve, or in the percentage of correct choices in the consolidation or recall periods of the task. Similarly, no differences were detected between groups regarding the number of cells per square millimeter in the visual and retrosplenial cortex, in the dentate gyrus, and in the CA1 and CA3 regions of the hippocampus. Hence, a low dose of the ketamine/midazolam combination did not impair memory processes or brain integrity in adult mice, suggesting that this combination is unlikely to cause cognitive complications.
麻醉剂，如氯胺酮/咪达唑仑组合，用于动物研究和人类临床实践；因此，必须明确这些麻醉剂对记忆的潜在影响。本研究旨在评估低剂量氯胺酮/咪达唑仑组合如何影响空间记忆任务的获取、巩固或回忆。33 只成年雄性 C57BL/6 小鼠被分为四组：未麻醉对照动物和三组接受 40mg/kg 氯胺酮和 10mg/kg 咪达唑仑单次腹腔注射的动物。不同的治疗组在不同的时间点接受相同的麻醉剂量，以研究 Y 迷宫任务中的空间记忆获取、巩固和回忆。测量正确选择的百分比。麻醉后 4 天和 12 天处死 6 只小鼠进行组织病理学分析。在空间记忆的获取方面，即学习曲线的斜率，或在任务的巩固或回忆期间的正确选择百分比方面，治疗组和对照组之间没有差异。同样，在视觉和后扣带回皮层、齿状回以及海马 CA1 和 CA3 区的每个平方毫米细胞数方面，各组之间也没有差异。因此，低剂量氯胺酮/咪达唑仑组合不会损害成年小鼠的记忆过程或大脑完整性，这表明该组合不太可能引起认知并发症。
