Zhang Zheng-Cai, Dong Zhi-Bao
Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2013 Feb;34(2):499-508.
There are lots of dust deposition collection methods on dust deposition, but there is no standard field observation method. At present, researchers have studied dust deposition using different methods in this issue, but due to the different observation method and collection efficiency, the research results are incomparable. The efficiency of the standard dust deposition gauge including dry, wet, net, net and glass ball and slowing speed methods was studied in the Tengger Desert. The amount of the dry method collected material was only about 5% to 62% of the wet method, the net method was only about 43% to 89% of the wet method, the net and glass ball method was only about 40% to 80% of the wet method. Wind speed obviously affected the dust deposition efficiency in all observation methods, the dust deposition efficiency decreased with increasing wind speed when the wind speed was smaller than 2.5 m.s-1, but the dust deposition efficiency had no clear trend with wind speed when the wind speed was larger than 2.5 m.s-1. The particle size of collected material by wet method was the smallest, followed by the slowing speed method, the net and glass ball method, the wet method and the dry method. There are relationships between the averaged wind speed, the averaged larger than 5 m.s-1 wind speed and the amount of dust deposition collected by the wet and the slowing speed methods, which can be expressed as exponential function. There are also linear relationships between the amount of collected material by the wet and dry, net, net and glass ball and slowing speed methods. The wet method is the best dust deposition collecting method, followed by the slow wind speed method. Therefore, in the arid and semi-arid regions, the slowing wind speed method can be used to replace the wet method to collect dust deposition.
关于降尘有许多降尘收集方法，但尚无标准的野外观测方法。目前，研究人员在这个问题上使用了不同的方法来研究降尘，但由于观测方法和收集效率不同，研究结果无法进行比较。在腾格里沙漠研究了包括干法、湿法、网法、网和玻璃球法以及减速法在内的标准降尘仪的效率。干法收集的物质数量仅为湿法的约5%至62%，网法仅为湿法的约43%至89%，网和玻璃球法仅为湿法的约40%至80%。风速在所有观测方法中都明显影响降尘效率，当风速小于2.5米/秒时，降尘效率随风速增加而降低，但当风速大于2.5米/秒时，降尘效率与风速没有明显趋势。湿法收集物质的粒径最小，其次是减速法、网和玻璃球法、湿法和干法。平均风速、平均大于5米/秒的风速与湿法和减速法收集的降尘量之间存在关系，可表示为指数函数。湿法与干法、网法、网和玻璃球法以及减速法收集的物质数量之间也存在线性关系。湿法是最好的降尘收集方法，其次是慢风速法。因此，在干旱和半干旱地区，慢风速法可用于替代湿法来收集降尘。
