Section for Health Promotion, Center for Gerontology and Social Science, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Japan.
J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013 Jul;14(7):518-24. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.03.010. Epub 2013 May 10.
Preventive strategies for frailty and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are important for avoiding future functional decline and dementia in older adults. The purpose of this study was to use a population-based survey to ascertain the single and combined prevalence of frailty and MCI and to identify the relationships between frailty and MCI in older Japanese adults.
Cross-sectional study.
General community.
A total of 5104 older adults (aged 65 years or older, mean age 71 years) who were enrolled in the Obu Study of Health Promotion for the Elderly (OSHPE).
Each participant underwent detailed physical and cognitive testing to assess frailty and MCI. We considered the frailty phenotype to be characterized by limitations in 3 or more of the following 5 domains: mobility, strength, endurance, physical activity, and nutrition. Screening for MCI included a standardized personal interview, the Mini-Mental State Examination, and the National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology-Functional Assessment Tool (NCGG-FAT), which included 8 tasks used to assess logical memory (immediate and delayed recognition), word list memory (immediate and delayed recall), attention and executive function (tablet version of Trail Making Test-part A and B), processing speed (tablet version of digit symbol substitution test), and visuospatial skill (figure selection).
The overall prevalence of frailty, MCI, and frailty and MCI combined was 11.3%, 18.8%, and 2.7%, respectively. We found significant relationships between frailty and MCI (the odds ratio adjusted for age, sex, and education was 2.0 (95% confidence interval 1.5-2.5).
Using the OSHPE criteria, we found more participants with MCI than with frailty. The prevalence of frailty and MCI combined was 2.7% in our population. Future investigation is necessary to determine whether this population is at increased risk for disability or mortality.
预防虚弱和轻度认知障碍（MCI）对于避免老年人未来的功能下降和痴呆症非常重要。本研究的目的是使用基于人群的调查来确定虚弱和 MCI 的单一和联合患病率，并确定老年人中虚弱和 MCI 之间的关系。
横断面研究。
一般社区。
共有 5104 名年龄在 65 岁或以上（平均年龄 71 岁）的老年人参加了大府市老年人健康促进研究（OSHPE）。
每位参与者都接受了详细的身体和认知测试，以评估虚弱和 MCI。我们认为，虚弱表型的特征是在以下 5 个领域中的 3 个或更多领域受限：移动性、力量、耐力、身体活动和营养。MCI 的筛查包括标准化的个人访谈、简易精神状态检查和国家老年医学和老年病学中心-功能评估工具（NCGG-FAT），包括用于评估逻辑记忆（即时和延迟识别）、单词列表记忆（即时和延迟回忆）、注意力和执行功能（平板电脑版连线测试 A 和 B）、处理速度（平板电脑版数字符号替换测试）和视空间技能（图形选择）的 8 项任务。
虚弱、MCI 和虚弱与 MCI 合并的总体患病率分别为 11.3%、18.8%和 2.7%。我们发现虚弱与 MCI 之间存在显著关系（调整年龄、性别和教育的优势比为 2.0（95%置信区间 1.5-2.5）。
使用 OSHPE 标准，我们发现 MCI 患者多于虚弱患者。在我们的人群中，虚弱和 MCI 合并的患病率为 2.7%。未来的研究有必要确定该人群是否面临更高的残疾或死亡率风险。
