Insituto Federal do Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Rio Grande do Sul, Câmpus Ibirubá, 98200-000, Ibirubá (RS), Brazil.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2013 Jul;93:145-55. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2013.03.021. Epub 2013 May 11.
The present study investigated changes in both the growth parameters and the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems of maize (Zea may L.) plants grown in Typic Hapludalf soil containing an accumulation of Cu and Zn. This accumulation developed because the soil received nineteen applications of pig slurry in no-tillage system over seven years. In this study, the maize plants were grown for fifteen and 25 days after emergence (DAE) in pots containing undisturbed and disturbed soil samples collected from a field experiment that received the rates 0, 20, 40 and 80m(3)ha(-1) of pig slurry, which totalized the amount of 0, 380, 760 and 1520m(3)ha(-1) of pig slurry in seven years, respectively, and phosphorus (P)+potassium (K) treatment (in disturbed soil samples). The maize plants grown in the undisturbed soil samples with an accumulation of Cu and Zn did not indicate an apparent decrease in growth. However, when compared to the treatment with PK fertilization, the maize plants grown in the disturbed soil with pig slurry treatments indicated higher lipid peroxidation and a number of senescent leaves, as well as a significant decrease in plant height. Additionally, when compared to the PK treatment, the leaf superoxide dismutase and ascorbate peroxidase activities decreased and increased, respectively, with the addition of pig slurry treatments in the disturbed soil at 25 DAE. In general, when compared to the treatments with 20m(3)ha(-1) of pig slurry and PK at fifteen and 25 DAE, the leaf ascorbic acid and non-protein thiol groups concentrations decreased with the addition of 40 and 80m(3)ha(-1) of pig slurry. This result suggests that the excess of Cu and Zn in the pig slurry significantly changed the antioxidant system of the maize plants.
本研究调查了在含有 Cu 和 Zn 积累的 Typic Hapludalf 土壤中生长的玉米（Zea may L.）植株的生长参数以及酶和非酶抗氧化系统的变化。这种积累是由于土壤在七年的免耕系统中接受了 19 次猪粪的应用。在这项研究中，玉米植株在出苗后 15 和 25 天（DAE）在含有未扰动和扰动土壤样本的盆中生长，这些样本是从田间实验中收集的，该实验接受了 0、20、40 和 80m(3)ha(-1)的猪粪，分别相当于 0、380、760 和 1520m(3)ha(-1)的猪粪，分别相当于 0、380、760 和 1520m(3)ha(-1)的猪粪，以及磷（P）+钾（K）处理（在扰动土壤样本中）。在含有 Cu 和 Zn 积累的未扰动土壤样本中生长的玉米植株没有表现出明显的生长下降。然而，与 PK 施肥处理相比，在添加猪粪处理的扰动土壤中生长的玉米植株表现出更高的脂质过氧化和更多的衰老叶片，以及植物高度显著下降。此外，与 PK 处理相比，在 25 DAE 时，在添加猪粪处理的扰动土壤中，叶片超氧化物歧化酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性分别降低和增加。一般来说，与 20m(3)ha(-1)的猪粪和 PK 处理相比，在 15 和 25 DAE 时，叶片抗坏血酸和非蛋白巯基基团浓度随着添加 40 和 80m(3)ha(-1)的猪粪而降低。这一结果表明，猪粪中过多的 Cu 和 Zn 显著改变了玉米植株的抗氧化系统。
