Soussy C J, Le Van Thoi J, Duval J
Service de Bactériologie, CHU Henri-Mondor, Créteil.
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1990 May;38(5):376-84.
In vitro antibacterial activity of 5 quinolones: nalidixic acid (NAL), pefloxacin (PEF), norfloxacin (NOR), ofloxacin (OFL) and ciprofloxacin (CIP) was evaluated by agar diffusion (disks Diagnostics Pasteur) for 1,253 bacterial strains (767 Enterobacteriaceae: E 164 P. aeruginosa: PA, 90 A. baumannii: AB and 232 S. aureus: SA) isolated during the last three months of 1988. Strains were ranged in susceptible (S) intermediate (I) and resistant (R) according to recommendations of Comité Français de l'Antibiogramme; in addition, activity of NOR, OFL and CIP was precised according to susceptibility to NAL and PEF. Frequencies of strains R + I observed for NAL, PEF, NOR, OFL and CIP were (%): E: 14.4; 13.4; 7.3; 7.6; 2.4 - PA: 100; 68.5; 18.4; 36.8; 8.9 - AB: 78.9; 57.8; 75.5; 54.4; 50 - SA: 100; 27.5; 28.9; 28.5; 28.7. For E and AB, analysis according to resistance phenotypes to NAL and PEF showed reduction of activity of NOR, OFL and CIP, on strains RI and particularly RR by comparison with strains SS and RS. Activity of PEF, NOR, OFL and CIP is similar on PA, belonging to RS and RR phenotypes. On RI strains, only CIP showed activity practically identical to that on RS strains. For SA, NOR, OFL and CIP were inactive on PEF R strains. Analysis of populations of strains according to resistance phenotypes to NAL and PEF permitted to show reduction of activity of other compounds on strains with an acquired resistance character to quinolones; currently, only test of PEF is presently sufficient for susceptibility testing of other fluoroquinolones (NOR, OFL and CIP) on E, AB and SA; however for PA, test of CIP is also necessary.
5种喹诺酮类药物的体外抗菌活性：萘啶酸（NAL）、培氟沙星（PEF）、诺氟沙星（NOR）、氧氟沙星（OFL）和环丙沙星（CIP），通过琼脂扩散法（巴斯德诊断盘）对1988年最后三个月分离出的1253株细菌（767株肠杆菌科细菌：E，164株铜绿假单胞菌：PA，90株鲍曼不动杆菌：AB和232株金黄色葡萄球菌：SA）进行了评估。根据法国抗菌谱委员会的建议，将菌株分为敏感（S）、中介（I）和耐药（R）；此外，根据对NAL和PEF的敏感性，明确了NOR、OFL和CIP的活性。观察到的NAL、PEF、NOR、OFL和CIP的R+I菌株频率（%）为：E：14.4；13.4；7.3；7.6；2.4 - PA：100；68.5；18.4；36.8；8.9 - AB：78.9；57.8；75.5；54.4；50 - SA：100；27.5；28.9；28.5；28.7。对于E和AB，根据对NAL和PEF的耐药表型分析表明，与SS和RS菌株相比，NOR、OFL和CIP对RI菌株尤其是RR菌株的活性降低。PEF、NOR、OFL和CIP对属于RS和RR表型的PA的活性相似。在RI菌株上，只有CIP表现出与RS菌株几乎相同的活性。对于SA，NOR、OFL和CIP对PEF耐药菌株无活性。根据对NAL和PEF的耐药表型对菌株群体进行分析，发现其他化合物对具有喹诺酮类获得性耐药特征的菌株的活性降低；目前，对于E、AB和SA，仅PEF试验目前就足以用于其他氟喹诺酮类药物（NOR、OFL和CIP）的敏感性测试；然而对于PA，CIP试验也是必要的。
