Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1990 Jun;9(6):402-6. doi: 10.1097/00006454-199006000-00007.
Neurologic and neurodevelopmental problems were investigated in a cohort of 39 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children and 164 antibody-negative children born to HIV-positive women. All children were followed from birth for between 1 month and 4 years. Serious neurologic manifestations were present in 5 of 16 children (31%) who developed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related complex, although in 2 the neurologic signs were probably not related to HIV. This can be compared with a prevalence of 0 of 23 in children who remained asymptomatic or who had less severe HIV-related symptoms or signs and 2 of 164 (1%) in uninfected children. Neurologic signs in the uninfected group were associated with the presence of drug withdrawal at birth and prematurity. These findings contrast with reports of a high prevalence of neurologic findings in most studies of HIV-infected children.
对一组39名感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的儿童和164名HIV阳性女性所生的抗体阴性儿童进行了神经和神经发育问题调查。所有儿童从出生起随访1个月至4年。在16名出现获得性免疫缺陷综合征/获得性免疫缺陷综合征相关综合征的儿童中，有5名（31%）出现严重神经表现，不过其中2名儿童的神经体征可能与HIV无关。这可与无症状或有较轻HIV相关症状或体征的23名儿童中患病率为0，以及164名未感染儿童中2名（1%）的患病率相比较。未感染组的神经体征与出生时药物戒断和早产有关。这些发现与大多数关于HIV感染儿童的研究中神经学发现患病率较高的报告形成对比。
