Qablan Moneeb A, Oborník Miroslav, Petrželková Klára J, Sloboda Michal, Shudiefat Mustafa F, Hořín Petr, Lukeš Julius, Modrý David
Department of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic.
Parasitology. 2013 Aug;140(9):1096-103. doi: 10.1017/S0031182013000486. Epub 2013 May 15.
Microscopic diagnosis of equine piroplasmoses, caused by Theileria equi and Babesia caballi, is hindered by low parasitaemia during the latent phase of the infections. However, this constraint can be overcome by the application of PCR followed by sequencing. Out of 288 animals examined, the piroplasmid DNA was detected in 78 (27·1%). Multiplex PCR indicated that T. equi (18·8%) was more prevalent than B. caballi (7·3%), while mixed infections were conspicuously absent. Sequences of 69 PCR amplicons obtained by the 'catch-all' PCR were in concordance with those amplified by the multiplex strategy. Computed minimal adequate model analyses for both equine piroplasmid species separately showed a significant effect of host species and age in the case of T. equi, while in the B. caballi infections only the correlation with host sex was significant. Phylogenetic analyses inferred the occurrence of three genotypes of T. equi and B. caballi. Moreover, a novel genotype C of B. caballi was identified. The dendrogram based on obtained sequences of T. equi revealed possible speciation events. The infections with T. equi and B. caballi are enzootic in all ecozones of Jordan and different genotypes circulate wherever dense horse population exists.
由马泰勒虫和驽巴贝斯虫引起的马焦虫病的显微镜诊断，因感染潜伏阶段的低虫血症而受到阻碍。然而，通过应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）并随后进行测序可以克服这一限制。在检查的288只动物中，在78只（27.1%）中检测到了焦虫DNA。多重PCR表明，马泰勒虫（18.8%）比驽巴贝斯虫（7.3%）更普遍，而明显不存在混合感染。通过“通用”PCR获得的69个PCR扩增子的序列与通过多重策略扩增的序列一致。分别对两种马焦虫进行的计算最小充分模型分析表明，对于马泰勒虫，宿主物种和年龄有显著影响，而对于驽巴贝斯虫感染，仅与宿主性别相关显著。系统发育分析推断出马泰勒虫和驽巴贝斯虫存在三种基因型。此外，还鉴定出了一种新的驽巴贝斯虫基因型C。基于获得的马泰勒虫序列的系统树揭示了可能的物种形成事件。马泰勒虫和驽巴贝斯虫感染在约旦的所有生态区均为地方流行性，并且在马匹密集的地方存在不同的基因型传播。
