Digestive Disease Research Center, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Hypertens. 2013 Jul;31(7):1364-71; discussion 1371. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0b013e3283613053.
There is considerable variation in hypertension prevalence and awareness, and their correlates, across different geographic locations and ethnic groups. We performed this cross-sectional analysis on data from the Golestan Cohort Study (GCS).
Enrollment in this study occurred in 2004-2008, and included 50,045 healthy individuals from Golestan Province in northeastern Iran. Hypertension was defined as a SBP at least 140 mmHg, a DBP at least 90 mmHg, a prior diagnosis of hypertension, or the use of antihypertensive drugs. Potential correlates of hypertension and its awareness were analyzed by logistic regression adjusted for sex, age, BMI, place of residence, literacy, ethnicity, physical activity, smoking, black and green tea consumption and wealth score.
Of the total cohort participants, 21,350 (42.7%) were hypertensive. Age-standardized prevalence of hypertension, using the 2001 WHO standard world population, was 41.8% (95% confidence interval: 38.3-45.2%). Hypertension was directly associated with female sex, increased BMI, Turkmen ethnicity, and lack of physical activity, and inversely associated with drinking black tea and wealth score. Among hypertensive patients, 46.2% were aware of their disease, 17.6% were receiving antihypertensive medication, and 32.1% of the treated patients had controlled hypertension. Hypertension awareness was greater among women, the elderly, overweight and obese patients, and those with a higher wealth score.
Hypertension is highly prevalent in rural Iran, many of the affected individuals are unaware of their disease, and the rate of control by antihypertensive medications is low. Increasing hypertension awareness and access to health services, especially among less privileged residents are recommended.
高血压的患病率、知晓率及其相关因素在不同地理位置和种族群体之间存在很大差异。我们对来自伊朗东北部戈勒斯坦队列研究（GCS）的数据进行了这项横断面分析。
这项研究于 2004-2008 年进行，纳入了来自伊朗戈勒斯坦省的 50045 名健康个体。高血压的定义为收缩压至少 140mmHg，舒张压至少 90mmHg，既往诊断为高血压，或正在使用抗高血压药物。通过逻辑回归分析调整了性别、年龄、BMI、居住地点、文化程度、种族、身体活动、吸烟、饮用黑茶和绿茶以及财富评分等因素，对高血压及其知晓率的潜在相关因素进行了分析。
在总队列参与者中，21350 人（42.7%）患有高血压。采用 2001 年世卫组织世界标准人口，高血压的标化患病率为 41.8%（95%置信区间：38.3-45.2%）。高血压与女性、BMI 增加、土库曼族裔以及缺乏身体活动直接相关，与饮用黑茶和财富评分呈负相关。在高血压患者中，46.2%的人知晓自己的疾病，17.6%的人正在服用抗高血压药物，32.1%的治疗患者的高血压得到了控制。高血压的知晓率在女性、老年人、超重和肥胖患者以及财富评分较高的患者中更高。
在伊朗农村地区，高血压的患病率很高，许多受影响的个体不知道自己患有疾病，而且通过抗高血压药物控制的比例很低。建议提高高血压的知晓率和获得卫生服务的机会，特别是在条件较差的居民中。
