Raj Periathamby Antony, Dentino Andrew R
Division of Research and Development, Perident Therapeutics, Inc, Milwaukee, WI, USA.
Clin Cosmet Investig Dent. 2011 Mar 3;3:25-32. doi: 10.2147/CCIDEN.S16860. Print 2011.
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been widely used as a denture-base acrylic resin due to its excellent physical and mechanical properties. However, the material is highly prone to microbial fouling that often leads to Candida-associated denture stomatitis. Incorporation of phosphate groups into PMMA could facilitate adsorption of salivary antimicrobials and inhibit microbial adherence on the polymer surface. An in vitro study evaluated PMMA polymers containing varying amounts of phosphate group for their efficacy to inhibit Candida albicans adhesion, adsorb salivary histatin 5, and exhibit candidacidal activity.
Six PMMA polymers containing 0%, 5%, 15%, 10%, 20%, and 25% of phosphate group were synthesized by bead (suspension) polymerization technique using mixtures of methyl methacrylate and methallyl phosphate as monomers. The efficacy of the polymers to inhibit the adherence of C. albicans was examined by using human saliva-coated polymer beads and radio-labeled C. albicans cells, as compared with that of PMMA. The potency of the phosphated PMMA polymers to adsorb histatin 5 was determined by measuring the radioactivity of the adsorbed labeled-peptide on the polymer surface. The candidacidal activity of the histatin 5-adsorbed polymers was assessed by using the fluorescence technique. The percent release of the fluorescent probe calcein from the C. albicans membrane caused by the disruption of the cell membrane was determined. The data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA followed by Scheffé's test (α = 0.05 and n = 6).
The presence of ≥15% phosphate content in PMMA significantly reduced the saliva-mediated adhesion of C. albicans. Phosphated PMMA polymers showed significantly enhanced adsorption of histatin 5 in a phosphate density-dependent manner. The candidacidal activity of the histatin 5-bound polymers increased significantly with the increase in the phosphate content of the polymer.
Phosphated PMMA polymers have the potential to serve as novel denture-base resins, which may reduce C. albicans colonization and prevent denture stomatitis.
聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯（PMMA）因其优异的物理和机械性能，已被广泛用作义齿基托丙烯酸树脂。然而，该材料极易受到微生物污染，这常常导致念珠菌相关性义齿性口炎。将磷酸基团引入PMMA可促进唾液抗菌剂的吸附，并抑制微生物在聚合物表面的黏附。一项体外研究评估了含有不同量磷酸基团的PMMA聚合物对抑制白色念珠菌黏附、吸附唾液组蛋白5以及表现出杀念珠菌活性的功效。
以甲基丙烯酸甲酯和甲基烯丙基磷酸的混合物为单体，采用珠（悬浮）聚合法合成了六种分别含有0%、5%、15%、10%、20%和25%磷酸基团的PMMA聚合物。与PMMA相比，使用人唾液包被的聚合物珠和放射性标记的白色念珠菌细胞，检测了聚合物抑制白色念珠菌黏附的功效。通过测量聚合物表面吸附的标记肽的放射性，测定了磷酸化PMMA聚合物吸附组蛋白5的能力。使用荧光技术评估了吸附组蛋白5的聚合物的杀念珠菌活性。测定了由细胞膜破坏导致的荧光探针钙黄绿素从白色念珠菌膜中的释放百分比。数据采用单因素方差分析，随后进行Scheffé检验（α = 0.05，n = 6）进行统计学分析。
PMMA中磷酸含量≥15%可显著降低唾液介导的白色念珠菌黏附。磷酸化PMMA聚合物以磷酸密度依赖的方式显著增强了组蛋白5的吸附。随着聚合物磷酸含量的增加，与组蛋白5结合的聚合物的杀念珠菌活性显著增加。
磷酸化PMMA聚合物有潜力作为新型义齿基托树脂，这可能减少白色念珠菌定植并预防义齿性口炎。
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