影响埃塞俄比亚安博（一个乡村小镇）10至19岁青少年学生体重指数的社会经济和人口因素
Socioeconomic and Demographic Factors Affecting Body Mass Index of Adolescents Students Aged 10-19 in Ambo (a Rural Town) in Ethiopia.
作者信息
Yetubie Mesert, Haidar Jemal, Kassa Hailu, Fallon Fleming
机构信息
Oromia Health Bureau, Ethiopia;
出版信息
Int J Biomed Sci. 2010 Dec;6(4):321-6.
BACKGROUND
Body mass index (BMI) is a commonly used anthropometric measurement to estimate the level of nutritional indices (underweight/overweight) of adolescents and adults. Knowledge of the factors affecting BMI is essential for developing intervention programs. This study was conducted to measure BMI and determine the socioeconomic and demographic factors affecting the relative weight of adolescents living in rural districts in Ethiopia.
METHODS
A randomized cross-sectional study of 425 adolescent students living in the Ambo region of Ethiopia was conducted. A pre-tested questionnaire was used to collect the socioeconomic and demographic status of the participants. BMI (weight/height(2), kg/m(2)) was measured and used as index of relative weight. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 15. A stepwise backward logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the major determinant abnormal weight of the adolescents while controlling for co-linearity.
RESULTS
The prevalence of underweight was 27.2% with male preponderance. The proportion of normal weight females was higher than that of males. There was no significant difference in the proportion of overweight males and females. Age, number of meals, parental education level, source of food, and number of cattle owned were correlated with being underweight. After adjusting for confounding variables only being a member of the younger age group (AOR=1.99; 95% CI=1.01 to 3.57), source of food (AOR=2.4; 95% CI=1.24 to 4.74), and a greater number of cattle owned (AOR=4.9; 95% CI=1.27 to 19.28 were positively correlated with being underweight.
CONCLUSION
Younger age adolescents, those who come from homes with no or few cattle, and their parents purchased food were likely to be underweight. This study will help local governments, educators and community groups develop programs to assist underweight adolescents attending schools.
背景
体重指数（BMI）是一种常用的人体测量指标，用于评估青少年和成年人的营养指数水平（体重过轻/超重）。了解影响BMI的因素对于制定干预计划至关重要。本研究旨在测量埃塞俄比亚农村地区青少年的BMI，并确定影响其相对体重的社会经济和人口统计学因素。
方法
对居住在埃塞俄比亚安博地区的425名青少年学生进行了一项随机横断面研究。使用预先测试的问卷收集参与者的社会经济和人口统计学状况。测量BMI（体重/身高²，kg/m²）并将其用作相对体重指标。使用SPSS 15版对数据进行分析。应用逐步向后逻辑回归分析来确定青少年体重异常的主要决定因素，同时控制共线性。
结果
体重过轻的患病率为27.2%，男性占多数。正常体重女性的比例高于男性。超重男性和女性的比例没有显著差异。年龄、用餐次数、父母教育水平、食物来源和拥有的牛的数量与体重过轻相关。在调整混杂变量后，只有年龄较小的年龄组（优势比=1.99；95%置信区间=1.01至3.57）、食物来源（优势比=2.4；95%置信区间=1.24至4.74）和拥有更多的牛（优势比=4.9；95%置信区间=1.27至19.28）与体重过轻呈正相关。
结论
年龄较小的青少年、来自没有或只有很少牛的家庭且父母购买食物的青少年可能体重过轻。本研究将有助于地方政府、教育工作者和社区团体制定计划，以帮助体重过轻的在校青少年。
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