The reverse-flow posterior tibial artery island flap: anatomic study and 72 clinical cases.

Based on anatomic, dye injection, and angiography observations since 1984, 72 patients with tissue defects of the foot (due to injury or surgery) have been reconstructed using a reverse-flow posterior tibial artery island flap. In the 72 patients, etiology has included extensive crushing (40 patients), burn scars (10 patients), and tissue loss following tumor or chronic ulcer resection (22 patients). Only two flaps developed necrosis. The survival rate was 97.2 percent, including seven cases of distal marginal necrosis. This procedure, therefore, offers a useful alternative in the repair and reconstruction of extensive tissue defects in the foot, whether caused by accidental injury or surgery.