Al-Naggar Redhwan Ahmed, Bobryshev Yuri V, Mohd Noor Nor Aini Binti
Population Health and Preventive Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Malaysia. radhwan888@ yahoo.com
Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(3):1895-903. doi: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.3.1895.
It is well established that a healthy lifestyle is of benefit in the prevention of diseases such as cancer and promotion of well-being. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine lifestyle practice and associated factors among university students in Malaysia.
A cross sectional study was conducted over six months from November 2011 until May 2012 among the students from the Management and Science University. This study was approved by its ethical committee , the students being explained the objective and invited to participate. A consent form was signed by all study participants. Questionnaire was distributed randomly to the students of the five faculties through their lecturers in different faculty. For univariate analysis t-test and ANOVA test were performed. Multiple linear regression used for multivariate analysis using SPSS 13.0.
A total number of 1100 students participated with a mean age of 22.1±2.21 (SD) years. The majority were 22 years or younger (56.3%), female (54%), Malay (61.5%), single (92.3%), with family monthly income ≥5000 Ringgit Malaysia (41.2%). Regarding lifestyle, about were 31.6% smokers, 75.6% never drank alcohol and 53.7% never exercised. Multivariate analysis showed that age, sex, race, parent marital status, participant marital status, type of faculty, living status, smoking status, exercise, residency, brushing teeth, fiber intake and avoid fatty food significantly influenced the practice of drinking alcohol among university students (p=0.006, p=0.042, p<0.001, p=0.003, p=0.002, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.003, p<0.001; respectively). It similarly showed that sex, race, parent marital status, participant marital status, monthly family income, exercise, residency, brushing teeth and fiber intake significantly influenced the practice of sun protection (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.017, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001; respectively) and that age, sex, parent marital status, participant marital status, type of faculty, living status, exercise, taking non- prescribed medication, brushing the teeth, coffee consumption and fiber intake were significantly influenced the practice of fruits consumption (p=0.008, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.002, p<0.001, P<0.001; respectively).
This study showed a poor practice of healthy lifestyle among university students. Therefore universities should emphasize a healthy lifestyle in all faculties as a required subject. Socio-demographic characteristics significantly influenced practice and thus should be considered when planning preventive measures among university students. Frequent campaigns and educational seminars are to be encouraged.
众所周知，健康的生活方式有助于预防癌症等疾病并促进幸福感。因此，本研究的目的是确定马来西亚大学生的生活方式习惯及相关因素。
2011年11月至2012年5月的六个月期间，对管理与科学大学的学生进行了一项横断面研究。本研究经伦理委员会批准，向学生解释了研究目的并邀请他们参与。所有研究参与者均签署了知情同意书。通过不同学院的讲师将问卷随机分发给五个学院的学生。进行单因素分析时采用了t检验和方差分析。使用SPSS 13.0进行多元线性回归以进行多因素分析。
共有1100名学生参与，平均年龄为22.1±2.21（标准差）岁。大多数学生年龄在22岁及以下（56.3%），女性（54%），马来族（61.5%），单身（92.3%），家庭月收入≥5000马来西亚林吉特（41.2%）。关于生活方式，约31.6%的学生吸烟，75.6%的学生从不饮酒，53.7%的学生从不锻炼。多因素分析表明，年龄、性别、种族、父母婚姻状况、参与者婚姻状况、学院类型、居住状况、吸烟状况、锻炼、居住地址、刷牙、纤维摄入量和避免食用高脂肪食物对大学生饮酒习惯有显著影响（p值分别为0.006、0.042、<0.001、0.003、0.002、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、0.003、<0.001）。同样表明，性别、种族、父母婚姻状况、参与者婚姻状况、家庭月收入、锻炼、居住地址、刷牙和纤维摄入量对防晒习惯有显著影响（p值分别为<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、0.017、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001），年龄、性别、父母婚姻状况、参与者婚姻状况、学院类型、居住状况、锻炼、服用非处方药、刷牙、咖啡摄入量和纤维摄入量对水果消费习惯有显著影响（p值分别为0.008、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、<0.001、0.002、<0.001、<0.001）。
本研究表明大学生健康生活方式的践行情况较差。因此，大学应在所有学院将健康生活方式作为必修课加以强调。社会人口学特征对生活方式习惯有显著影响，因此在为大学生制定预防措施时应予以考虑。应鼓励开展频繁的宣传活动和教育研讨会。
