Physik-Department, Lehrstuhl für Funktionelle Materialien, Technische Universität München, James-Franck-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany.
Langmuir. 2013 May 28;29(21):6331-40. doi: 10.1021/la400741b. Epub 2013 May 16.
Cobalt sputter deposition on a nanostructured polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide), P(S-b-EO), template is followed in real time with grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS). The polymer template consists of highly oriented parallel crystalline poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) domains that are sandwiched between two polystyrene (PS) domains. In-situ GISAXS shows that cobalt atoms selectively decorate the PS domains of the microphase-separated polymer film and then aggregate to form surface metal nanopatterns. The polymer template is acting as a directing agent where cobalt metal nanowires are formed. At high metal load, the characteristic selectivity of the template is lost, and a uniform metal layer forms on the polymer surface. During the early stage of cobalt metal deposition, a highly asymmetric nanoparticles agglomeration is dominating structure formation. The cobalt nanoparticles mobility in combination with the high tendency of the nanoparticles to coalescence and to form immobile large-sized particles at the PS domains are discussed as mechanisms of structure formation.
采用掠入射小角 X 射线散射（GISAXS）实时跟踪钴在具有纳米结构的聚苯乙烯嵌段聚氧化乙烯（P(S-b-EO)）模板上的溅射沉积。该聚合物模板由高度取向的平行结晶聚氧化乙烯（PEO）畴组成，夹在两个聚苯乙烯（PS）畴之间。原位 GISAXS 表明，钴原子选择性地修饰微相分离聚合物膜的 PS 畴，然后聚集形成表面金属纳米图案。聚合物模板充当导向剂，形成钴金属纳米线。在高金属负载下，模板的特征选择性丧失，聚合物表面形成均匀的金属层。在钴金属沉积的早期阶段，高度不对称的纳米颗粒团聚主导结构形成。讨论了钴纳米颗粒的迁移性以及纳米颗粒的高团聚倾向和在 PS 畴处形成不可移动的大颗粒的倾向作为结构形成的机制。
