School of Biological Science, Seoul National University and National Creative Research Initiative Center for Symbiosystem, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
Dev Comp Immunol. 2014 Jan;42(1):102-10. doi: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.05.005. Epub 2013 May 16.
The association between deregulated intestinal microbial consortia and host diseases has been recognized since the birth of microbiology over a century ago. Intestinal dysbiosis refers to a state where living metazoans harbor harmful intestinal microflora. However, there is still an issue of whether causality arises from the host or the microbe because it is unclear whether deregulation of the gut microbiota community is the consequence or cause of the host disease. Recent studies using Drosophila and its simple microbiota have provided a valuable model system for dissecting the molecular mechanisms of intestinal dysbiosis. In this review, we examine recent exciting observations in Drosophila gut-microbiota interactions, particularly the links among the host immune genotype, the microbial community structure, and the host inflammatory phenotype. Future genetic analyses using Drosophila model system will provide a valuable outcome for understanding the evolutionarily conserved mechanisms that underlie intestinal dysbiosis and chronic inflammatory diseases.
一个多世纪以来，人们一直认识到失调的肠道微生物群落与宿主疾病之间的关联。肠道菌群失调是指后生动物体内存在有害的肠道微生物的状态。然而，由于不清楚肠道微生物群落的失调是宿主疾病的结果还是原因，因此仍然存在一个问题，即因果关系是来自宿主还是微生物。最近使用果蝇及其简单微生物组的研究为剖析肠道菌群失调的分子机制提供了一个有价值的模型系统。在这篇综述中，我们考察了最近在果蝇肠道-微生物群相互作用方面令人兴奋的观察结果，特别是宿主免疫基因型、微生物群落结构和宿主炎症表型之间的联系。使用果蝇模型系统进行未来的遗传分析将为理解肠道菌群失调和慢性炎症性疾病的基础提供有价值的结果。
