Kim Donghyun, Yoo Seung-Ah, Kim Wan-Uk
Center for Integrative Rheumatoid Transcriptomics and Dynamics, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
POSTECH-Catholic Biomedical Engineering Institute, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Arch Pharm Res. 2016 Nov;39(11):1565-1576. doi: 10.1007/s12272-016-0796-7. Epub 2016 Jul 22.
Microbial habitation in the human body begins immediately after birth, and adults are colonized by microbes outnumbering human cells by a factor of ten. Especially, intestinal track is a living space for diverse microbial species that have coevolved symbiotically. A principal function of the gut microbiota is to protect the host from harmful bacteria and to provide benefits for the host through several mechanisms, including direct competition for limited nutrients, training of host immune systems to recognize specifically foreign materials and conversion of otherwise indigestible food into energy and absorbable nutrients. Therefore, gut dysbiosis, a bacterial imbalance state, is related with the pathogenesis of various host diseases including autoimmune diseases. In the current review, we highlight the importance of gut microbiota in the normal health and autoimmune diseases. We also discuss regulation of gut dysbiosis and future direction for potential clinical applications, including treatment and diagnostics of autoimmune diseases.
人体微生物群落的形成始于出生后，成年人所携带的微生物数量比人体细胞多出十倍。特别是肠道，是多种共生进化的微生物物种的生存空间。肠道微生物群的主要功能是保护宿主免受有害细菌侵害，并通过多种机制为宿主提供益处，包括对有限营养物质的直接竞争、训练宿主免疫系统以特异性识别外来物质，以及将原本难以消化的食物转化为能量和可吸收的营养物质。因此，肠道菌群失调，即一种细菌失衡状态，与包括自身免疫性疾病在内的各种宿主疾病的发病机制相关。在本综述中，我们强调了肠道微生物群在正常健康和自身免疫性疾病中的重要性。我们还讨论了肠道菌群失调的调节以及潜在临床应用的未来方向，包括自身免疫性疾病的治疗和诊断。
