Marcus Sonya, Whitlow Christopher T, Koonce James, Zapadka Michael E, Chen Michael Y, Williams Daniel W, Lewis Meagan, Evans Adele K
Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, United States.
Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2013 Jul;77(7):1118-22. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2013.04.013. Epub 2013 May 17.
To investigate whether the effects of sex (male/female) that have been demonstrated in the pathology literature using 0.1 mm histopathologic slices are measurable and statistically significant using high-resolution (0.625 mm slice) computed tomography (CT).
IRB-approved retrospective analysis of high-resolution "normal" CT temporal bone images in pediatric subjects (0-18 years) using comparative anatomic measurements between males and females obtained from the semicircular canals, cochlea and vestibule as follows: (1) lateral semicircular canal (LSCC) bony island width, (2) superior semicircular canal (SSCC) bony island width, (3) central lucency of the LSCC bony island, (4) coronal cochlear height, (5) axial cochlear height, (6) cochlear length, (7) cochlea basal turn lumen width, (8) cochlear aperture width, (9) cochlear aperture height, (10) vestibular length, (11) vestibular width, and (12) coronal vestibule oblique diameter.
Eighteen females (36 ears) and twenty males (36 ears) were included in the study. Independent-samples t-tests revealed statistically significant differences in measurements for females and males as follows (differences reported as a percentage and as an absolute difference (AD) in mm): (1) vestibular width was 4.2% (0.13 mm AD) smaller in females (mean ± SD; 3.0 ± 0.27) compared to males (mean ± SD; 3.2 ± 0.25) [t(70) = 2.083, p = 0.041]; (2) cochlear length was 3.9% (.23 mm AD) smaller in females (mean ± SD; 5.8 ± 0.32) compared to males (mean ± SD; 6.0 ± 0.40) [t(70)=2.660, p = 0.010]; (3) cochlear aperture height was 11.6% (0.13 mm AD) smaller in females (mean ± SD; 1.0 ± 0.18) compared to males (mean ± SD; 1.2 ± 0.22) [t(70)=2.549, p = 0.013]; and (4) coronal cochlear height was 11.4% (0.55 mm AD) smaller in females (mean ± SD; 4.8 ± 0.58) compared to males (mean ± SD; 5.4 ± 0.48) [t(68) = 4.270, p < 0.005].
Sexual dimorphism of inner ear structures may contribute to variability in reported normative and pathologic measurements of inner ear structures. This variability must be taken into consideration when designing future research studies to investigate inner ear structures and for drawing accurate conclusions about possible inner ear morphologic abnormalities associated with SNHL compared to controls.
研究使用0.1毫米组织病理学切片在病理学文献中所证实的性别（男/女）效应，采用高分辨率（0.625毫米切片）计算机断层扫描（CT）时是否可测量且具有统计学意义。
经机构审查委员会批准，对儿科受试者（0至18岁）的高分辨率“正常”颞骨CT图像进行回顾性分析，使用从半规管、耳蜗和前庭获取的男性和女性之间的比较解剖学测量数据，如下：（1）外侧半规管（LSCC）骨岛宽度，（2）上半规管（SSCC）骨岛宽度，（3）LSCC骨岛的中央透亮区，（4）冠状面耳蜗高度，（5）轴位面耳蜗高度，（6）耳蜗长度，（7）耳蜗底转管腔宽度，（8）耳蜗孔宽度，（9）耳蜗孔高度，（10）前庭长度，（11）前庭宽度，以及（12）冠状面前庭斜径。
本研究纳入了18名女性（36耳）和20名男性（36耳）。独立样本t检验显示，男性和女性的测量结果存在统计学显著差异，如下（差异以百分比和毫米绝对差（AD）表示）：（1）女性的前庭宽度（均值±标准差；3.0±0.27）比男性（均值±标准差；3.2±0.25）小4.2%（0.13毫米AD）[t(70)=2.083，p=0.041]；（2）女性的耳蜗长度（均值±标准差；5.8±0.32）比男性（均值±标准差；6.0±0.40）小3.9%（0.23毫米AD）[t(70)=2.660，p=0.010]；（3）女性的耳蜗孔高度（均值±标准差；1.0±0.18）比男性（均值±标准差；1.2±0.22）小11.6%（0.13毫米AD）[t(70)=2.549，p=0.013]；以及（4）女性的冠状面耳蜗高度（均值±标准差；4.8±0.58）比男性（均值±标准差；5.4±0.48）小11.4%（0.55毫米AD）[t(68)=4.270，p<0.005]。
内耳结构的性别二态性可能导致内耳结构报告的正常和病理测量值存在差异。在设计未来研究以调查内耳结构并得出与对照组相比可能与感音神经性听力损失相关的内耳形态异常的准确结论时，必须考虑这种差异。
