School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, No. 7, Al-e-Ahmad Highway, P. O. Box 14395-578, Tehran, Iran,
J Relig Health. 2014 Oct;53(5):1374-81. doi: 10.1007/s10943-013-9730-1.
There is a growing body of evidence that suggests a positive role for religious involvement in physical and mental health. Studies have shown that attitudes of physicians toward religion affect their relationship with patients and their medical decisions, and in this way may ultimately affect treatment outcomes. Attitudes of nurses toward religion could also influence whether or not they address patients' unmet spiritual needs. To assess attitudes of physicians and nurses toward religion and how these attitudes vary by education level and demographic characteristics, a total of 800 physicians, medical students, and nurses from some of the largest hospitals in Tehran, Iran, were approached, of whom 720 completed questionnaires (148 nurses, 572 medical students and physicians). The survey questionnaire included the Duke University Religion Index (DUREL), Hoge Intrinsic Religiosity Scale, a brief measure of Negative Religious Coping (NRCOPE), and the brief Trust/Mistrust in God Scale. Religious attitudes and practices were compared between physicians (medical students and physicians) and nurses. Regression analysis revealed that except for intrinsic religiosity, physicians were not less religious than nurses on any other dimension of religiosity. Training level (year of training) was a predictor of religiosity, with those having less training being the most religious. The findings suggest that there are few religious differences between nurses and physicians in Iran. However, religiosity may become less as the training level increases. Lack of emphasis in training on the important role that religion plays in health care may result in a decrease in religious involvement and the development of negative attitudes toward religion over time (displaced by a focus on the technological aspects of health care).
越来越多的证据表明，宗教信仰对身心健康有积极作用。研究表明，医生对宗教的态度会影响他们与患者的关系及其医疗决策，从而最终影响治疗结果。护士对宗教的态度也可能影响他们是否满足患者的未满足的精神需求。为了评估医生和护士对宗教的态度，以及这些态度如何因教育水平和人口统计学特征而有所不同，我们对伊朗德黑兰一些最大医院的 800 名医生、医学生和护士进行了调查，其中 720 人完成了问卷（148 名护士、572 名医学生和医生）。调查问卷包括杜克大学宗教指数（DUREL）、霍格内在宗教信仰量表、简短的消极宗教应对量表（NRCOPE）和简短的信任/不信任上帝量表。对医生（医学生和医生）和护士的宗教态度和行为进行了比较。回归分析显示，除了内在宗教信仰外，医生在宗教信仰的任何其他维度上都不比护士更不宗教。培训水平（培训年限）是宗教信仰的预测因素，培训年限较短的人宗教信仰程度最高。研究结果表明，伊朗的护士和医生之间几乎没有宗教差异。然而，随着培训水平的提高，宗教信仰可能会减少。培训中对宗教在医疗保健中重要作用的重视不足，可能导致宗教参与度下降，随着时间的推移对宗教的态度变得消极（被医疗保健技术方面的关注所取代）。
