Rhoades K R, Rimler R B
National Animal Disease Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Ames, Iowa 50010.
Avian Dis. 1990 Apr-Jun;34(2):384-8.
Five capsular serogroup D strains of Pasteurella multocida isolated from avian hosts were examined for virulence and toxigenicity. Virulence was based on development of lethal infections or lesions following intramuscular exposure of turkey poults. The four strains isolated from turkeys varied from slightly to moderately virulent; the strain isolated from a chicken was avirulent. Poults exposed by intra-airsac inoculation with relatively few organisms of the more virulent of the strains had a high mortality rate; however, intranasal exposure of poults with this strain did not cause clinical disease or establish infections. All strains from turkeys were toxigenic, producing heat-labile toxins that killed poults when administered intraperitoneally and caused focal dermal lesions when administered intradermally. Using these criteria, the strain from a chicken was not toxigenic. The demonstration of virulence, particularly the high mortality in poults exposed via air sacs, indicates avian capsular serogroup D strains are a potential cause of fowl cholera.
对从禽类宿主分离出的5株多杀性巴氏杆菌荚膜血清群D菌株进行了毒力和产毒性检测。毒力基于火鸡雏鸡肌肉注射后致死性感染或病变的发展情况。从火鸡分离出的4株菌株毒力从轻度到中度不等；从鸡分离出的菌株无毒力。用相对少量毒性较强的菌株通过气囊内接种感染火鸡雏鸡，死亡率很高；然而，用该菌株经鼻腔感染火鸡雏鸡并未引起临床疾病或造成感染。所有从火鸡分离出的菌株都产毒，产生的不耐热毒素经腹腔注射可致火鸡雏鸡死亡，经皮内注射可引起局部皮肤病变。根据这些标准，从鸡分离出的菌株不产毒。毒力的证明，尤其是通过气囊感染的火鸡雏鸡的高死亡率，表明禽类荚膜血清群D菌株是禽霍乱的一个潜在病因。
