Meshrif Wesam S
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2013 Apr;43(1):1-15. doi: 10.12816/0006362.
One of the most important factors which affect the outcome of the host-parasite interactions is the genetic variation in particular those of the host. The aim of this study was to test the effect of variation within Drosophila melanogaster population on the encapsulation ability against the parasitoid Asobara tabida. To this end, nine isofemale lines of D. melanogaster which represent different levels of encapsulation ability were used. The encapsulation ability and its related parameters such as infestation, avoidance, and parasitism success and super-parasitism rates were assessed following oviposition. Larval weight, protein contents and phenoloxidase in extremes and intermediate lines, were investigated. The variation among D. melanogaster lines influenced encapsulation, avoidance, parasitism and superparasitism rates. Upon emergence, low success of the parasitoid associated with high mortality rates were observed in the representative lines. Although parasitized larvae may suffer from weight loss, they could survive based on mounting effective immune response. Parasitism of A. tabida in the Drosophila larvae induced high phenoloxidsae activity, particularily in the resistant ones refelecting their immune competency. In sum, the variation in encapsulation ability among isofemale lines demonstrates high underlying genetic variation. The data might help to design successful biological control programs and to facilitate interpretation of a similar interaction of other host-parasite model systems.
影响宿主 - 寄生虫相互作用结果的最重要因素之一是基因变异，尤其是宿主的基因变异。本研究的目的是测试黑腹果蝇种群内变异对其针对寄生蜂塔氏阿索茧蜂的包囊化能力的影响。为此，使用了代表不同包囊化能力水平的9个黑腹果蝇同雌系。在产卵后评估包囊化能力及其相关参数，如侵染、躲避、寄生成功率和过寄生率。研究了极端系和中间系的幼虫体重、蛋白质含量和酚氧化酶。黑腹果蝇品系间的变异影响了包囊化、躲避、寄生和过寄生率。羽化时，在代表性品系中观察到寄生蜂成功率低且死亡率高。尽管被寄生的幼虫可能会体重减轻，但它们可以通过产生有效的免疫反应而存活。塔氏阿索茧蜂寄生果蝇幼虫会诱导高酚氧化酶活性，特别是在抗性幼虫中，这反映了它们的免疫能力。总之，同雌系间包囊化能力的变异表明存在高度潜在的基因变异。这些数据可能有助于设计成功的生物防治方案，并有助于解释其他宿主 - 寄生虫模型系统的类似相互作用。
