Moreau S J.M., Dingremont A, Doury G, Giordanengo P
Laboratoire de Biologie des Entomophages, Université de Picardie-Jules Verne, 33 rue Saint Leu, 80039, Amiens cedex, France
J Insect Physiol. 2002 Mar;48(3):337-347. doi: 10.1016/s0022-1910(02)00051-3.
The impact of parasitism by Asobara tabida on Drosophila melanogaster larval development, survival features and larval activity has been investigated using two strains of the parasitoid. The successful parasitism rate of the A1 strain was four times greater than that of the WOPV strain. Both strains induced equivalent mortality rates but hosts parasitized by A1 predominantly died as pupae. The time necessary for the host pupariation and emergence, and the larval weight at 72, 96 and 120 h post-parasitization were measured. Parasitized larvae exhibited longer periods of development and lower weights than controls, especially when parasitized by A1. These results suggest that hosts underwent physiological costs varying with respect to the outcome of the parasitic relationship. Of the parasitoid factors possibly responsible for these costs, we examined venoms for their impact on host mortality. Artificial injections of WOPV venoms induced higher mortality rates than did A1 venoms. Venoms were also found responsible for the induction of a transient paralysis, naturally occuring after parasitization. Again, the strongest effect was observed after parasitization by WOPV or injections of its venoms. This study gives new insights into the intriguing features of A. tabida and constitutes the first report of the paralysing properties of the venoms.
利用两种拟寄生蜂菌株，研究了塔氏阿索巴寄蝇寄生对黑腹果蝇幼虫发育、存活特征及幼虫活动的影响。A1菌株的成功寄生率比WOPV菌株高四倍。两种菌株诱导的死亡率相当，但被A1寄生的宿主主要在化蛹时死亡。测量了宿主化蛹和羽化所需的时间，以及寄生后72、96和120小时的幼虫体重。与未被寄生的对照相比，被寄生的幼虫发育时间更长、体重更低，尤其是被A1寄生时。这些结果表明，宿主因寄生关系的结果而承受不同的生理代价。在可能导致这些代价的拟寄生蜂因素中，我们研究了毒液对宿主死亡率的影响。人工注射WOPV毒液诱导的死亡率高于A1毒液。还发现毒液会导致寄生后自然发生的短暂麻痹。同样，在被WOPV寄生或注射其毒液后观察到最强的效果。这项研究为塔氏阿索巴寄蝇的有趣特征提供了新的见解，并首次报道了其毒液的麻痹特性。
