Vyazovskiy Vladyslav V
University of Surrey, Guildford, the United Kingdom.
Zh Vyssh Nerv Deiat Im I P Pavlova. 2013 Jan-Feb;63(1):13-23. doi: 10.7868/s0044467713010176.
The longer we are awake, the deeper is our subsequent sleep. On the other hand, the shorter and more fragmented is our sleep, the more difficult it is for us to maintain wakefulness and stable cognitive performance the next day. This relationship between wakefulness and subsequent sleep becomes especially apparent after sleep deprivation or during chronic sleep restriction, which is experienced by millions of people in our society, as well as in multiple neurological, respiratory and other chronic diseases. Invariably, poor sleep leads to fatigue, sleepiness, marked cognitive deficits and impaired mood. The crucial question is what happens to the brain after a period of being awake or asleep, and where in the brain and why do these changes occur. This review summarizes information about neurophysiological substrates of sleep homeostatic processes at the cellular and network levels. It is suggested that sensory, behavioral and cognitive deficits after sleep deprivation resulting from the imbalance between local and global neuronal interactions can be reversed only by physiological sleep.
我们醒着的时间越长，随后的睡眠就越深。另一方面，我们的睡眠越短且越碎片化，第二天我们就越难以保持清醒和稳定的认知表现。清醒与随后睡眠之间的这种关系在睡眠剥夺后或慢性睡眠限制期间尤为明显，我们社会中有数百万人经历过这种情况，在多种神经、呼吸和其他慢性疾病中也是如此。睡眠不佳总是会导致疲劳、困倦、明显的认知缺陷和情绪受损。关键问题是在一段时间的清醒或睡眠后大脑会发生什么，以及这些变化在大脑的何处发生以及为何发生。这篇综述总结了细胞和网络水平上睡眠稳态过程的神经生理基础的信息。有人提出，由于局部和全局神经元相互作用失衡导致的睡眠剥夺后的感觉、行为和认知缺陷只能通过生理性睡眠来逆转。
