Ujević Tihana, Sporis Goran, Milanović Zoran, Pantelić Sasa, Neljak Boris
University of Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb, Croatia.
Coll Antropol. 2013 Mar;37(1):75-80.
Information about the regional distribution of health-related physical fitness status is necessary in order to tailor public health interventions, and due to a number of behavioral health risks caused by the increasing sedentary lifestyle. This study aimed to find differences between Croatian children's health-related physical fitness profiles in urban and rural areas. The sample for this study consisted of 2431 fifth-grade students (1248 boys and 1183 girls) from urban and rural areas of Croatia. The mean age of participants was 11.3 +/- 6.1 years. The differences between the health-related physical fitness of school children from urban and rural areas was computed using series of univariant analysis of variance and canonical discriminant analysis. The reliability of the tests was determined by Cronbach's alpha coefficients. Urban boys and girls significantly differ in body height from rural boys and girls. Body mass index and body fat percentage are slightly higher in the urban boys and girls but they do not differ significantly. Urban children perform significantly better in the 20 m dash, standing long jump and timed sit-ups. Urban and rural boys and girls do not differ significantly in the flexibility. This study determined if selected levels of urbanization affected the physical fitness status of children in Croatia. The results suggest that the differences in children's health-related physical fitness profiles are due to the level of urbanization.
为了制定公共卫生干预措施，并且由于久坐不动的生活方式不断增加所导致的一系列行为健康风险，了解与健康相关的身体素质状况的区域分布信息是必要的。本研究旨在找出克罗地亚城市和农村地区儿童与健康相关的身体素质状况之间的差异。本研究的样本包括来自克罗地亚城市和农村地区的2431名五年级学生（1248名男生和1183名女生）。参与者的平均年龄为11.3 +/- 6.1岁。使用一系列单变量方差分析和典型判别分析来计算城市和农村地区学童与健康相关的身体素质差异。测试的可靠性由克朗巴哈系数确定。城市男孩和女孩在身高上与农村男孩和女孩存在显著差异。城市男孩和女孩的体重指数和体脂百分比略高，但差异不显著。城市儿童在20米短跑、立定跳远和定时仰卧起坐方面表现明显更好。城市和农村的男孩和女孩在柔韧性方面没有显著差异。本研究确定了选定的城市化水平是否影响克罗地亚儿童的身体素质状况。结果表明，儿童与健康相关的身体素质状况差异是由于城市化水平所致。
