Department of Population, Family, and Reproductive Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Adolesc Health. 2013 Aug;53(2):187-93. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2013.03.015. Epub 2013 May 19.
Childhood exposure to violence in one's family of origin has been closely linked to subsequent perpetration and victimization of intimate partner violence. There is, however, little research on the relationship between witnessing violence and subsequent peer violence. This study investigates the effects of witnessing interparental violence among Filipino young adults on their use and experience of psychological aggression with friends.
The data source for this study was the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Survey. Recent perpetration and victimization of friend psychological aggression among young adults ages 21-22 years was assessed through self-reports from the 2005 survey; witnessing interparental violence during childhood was assessed through self-reports from the 2002 survey. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the effects of witnessing interparental violence on subsequent use and experience of friend psychological aggression. Analyses were stratified by gender.
About 13% of females and 4% of males perpetrated psychological aggression toward close friends, and about 4% of females and males were victims. Fourteen percent of females and 3% of males experienced bidirectional psychological aggression. About 44% of females and 47% of males had, during childhood, witnessed their parents physically hurt one another. Witnessing maternal and reciprocal interparental violence during childhood significantly predicted bidirectional friend psychological aggression among males. Among females, witnessing interparental violence did not significantly predict involvement with friend psychological aggression.
Violence prevention programs should consider using family-centered interventions, and apply a gendered lens to their application. Further research on gender differences in friend aggression is recommended.
儿童在原生家庭中遭受暴力的经历与日后亲密伴侣暴力的实施和受害密切相关。然而，关于目睹暴力与随后的同伴暴力之间的关系的研究甚少。本研究调查了菲律宾青年目睹父母间暴力对其与朋友进行心理攻击的使用和经历的影响。
本研究的数据来源为宿务纵向健康和营养调查。通过对 21-22 岁年轻人 2005 年调查的自我报告，评估最近对朋友实施心理攻击和受害的情况；通过对 2002 年调查的自我报告，评估儿童时期目睹父母间暴力的情况。采用多项逻辑回归分析来检验目睹父母间暴力对随后使用和经历朋友心理攻击的影响。分析按性别分层。
约 13%的女性和 4%的男性对亲密朋友实施心理攻击，约 4%的女性和男性是受害者。约 14%的女性和 3%的男性经历了双向心理攻击。约 44%的女性和 47%的男性在儿童时期目睹过父母互相伤害。儿童时期目睹母亲和相互间的父母暴力显著预测了男性的双向朋友心理攻击。在女性中，目睹父母间暴力与参与朋友心理攻击之间无显著相关性。
暴力预防计划应考虑采用以家庭为中心的干预措施，并在应用时考虑到性别视角。建议进一步研究朋友攻击行为中的性别差异。
