Dussich John P J, Maekoya Chie
California State University, Fresno, CA 93740-8093, USA.
Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 2007 Oct;51(5):495-509. doi: 10.1177/0306624X06298463. Epub 2007 Jul 5.
School bullying is a major social problem in most countries and is especially of concern to school administrators and teachers. The typical place in which bullying occurs is at school. For this reason, school administrators and teachers are often held responsible for its occurrence, prevention, and management. However, in spite of concerted efforts to prevent this problem, bullying continues to plague most schools. Previous research and this study suggest that the etiology of bullying is more directly related to conditions at home rather than to conditions at school. Thus, the authors have hypothesized that bullying is associated with physically harming children in their homes and the coping responses that result from this physical harm. This research surveyed a sample of 852 university students in Japan, South Africa, and the United States. The findings suggest there are significant relationships between physical child harm and three types of bullying related behaviors: offending, being victimized, and offending plus being victimized. Using social coping theory, this research suggests that the manner in which physically harmed children cope with their early victimization has a bearing on their subsequent involvement with bullying-related behaviors.
校园霸凌在大多数国家都是一个主要的社会问题，尤其受到学校管理人员和教师的关注。霸凌发生的典型地点是学校。因此，学校管理人员和教师往往要对其发生、预防和管理负责。然而，尽管为防止这一问题做出了共同努力，但霸凌行为仍继续困扰着大多数学校。先前的研究和本研究表明，霸凌的病因与家庭环境的关系比与学校环境的关系更为直接。因此，作者推测霸凌与在家中对儿童的身体伤害以及这种身体伤害所导致的应对反应有关。本研究对日本、南非和美国的852名大学生进行了抽样调查。研究结果表明，儿童身体伤害与三种与霸凌相关的行为之间存在显著关系：冒犯他人、成为受害者以及既冒犯他人又成为受害者。运用社会应对理论，本研究表明，身体受到伤害的儿童应对早期受害经历的方式与他们随后参与与霸凌相关行为的情况有关。
