年轻人中 HIV 知识、风险感知和行为的 18 年随访。

An 18-year follow-up of HIV knowledge, risk perception, and practices in young adults.

机构信息

aParis Region Health Observatory bFrench Institute for Health Promotion and Health Education, INPES (Institut national de prévention et d'éducation pour la santé) cFrench Institute for Public Health Surveillance, INVS (Institut national de veille sanitaire), Paris dINSERM CESP 1018 Team VIH/IST, Univ Paris-Sud, AP-HP, Public Health Department Hospital Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.

出版信息

AIDS. 2013 Mar 27;27(6):1011-1019. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835e1583.

DOI:10.1097/QAD.0b013e32835e1583

PMID:23698065

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate trends over the last 18 years in HIV-related knowledge, risk perceptions, and sexual behaviors in young adults.

METHODS

Data were obtained from six KABP (knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and practices) surveys (1992, 1994, 1998, 2001, 2004, and 2010) from representative samples of the French population. Surveys were similar in terms of data collection and target populations: 2362 men and 2774 women aged 18-29 were interviewed by telephone.

RESULTS

Young people were very familiar with the true routes of HIV transmission throughout the full period. However, in 2010, approximately 30% erroneously believed that mosquito bites could transmit HIV versus only 12% in 1994. They were less convinced about the efficacy of condoms in protecting against HIV: approximately 50% in 2010 versus 70-80% in 1992-1994. The proportion of respondents very afraid of AIDS significantly decreased from a maximum of 44% in 1994 to approximately 20% in 2010. Condom use at first intercourse was widespread after 1995 and sex without condoms in the previous year was far less frequently reported in 2010 than in 1992. Nevertheless, the proportion of individuals reporting condom use at their most recent intercourse in 2010 was the lowest reported since 1994, with an increase in young men reporting no contraception use from 9.2% in 2004 to 18.8% in 2010.

CONCLUSION

Young people appear to misunderstand certain sexually transmitted infection/HIV transmission mechanisms. Other indicators for 2010 reflected a low level of HIV risk perception, distrust in condom efficacy, and a decrease in adopting prevention practices, which highlights the need to adapt preventive strategies.

摘要

目的

评估过去 18 年中，年轻人在艾滋病相关知识、风险认知和性行为方面的变化趋势。

方法

数据来自法国具有代表性的人群的六次 KABP（知识、态度、信念和行为）调查（1992、1994、1998、2001、2004 和 2010 年）。这些调查在数据收集和目标人群方面都非常相似：通过电话采访了 18-29 岁的 2362 名男性和 2774 名女性。

结果

年轻人在整个时期都非常熟悉艾滋病的真实传播途径。然而，在 2010 年，约有 30%的人错误地认为蚊子叮咬会传播艾滋病，而在 1994 年仅为 12%。他们对避孕套预防艾滋病的效果不太信任：在 2010 年，约有 50%的人认为避孕套有效，而在 1992-1994 年，这一比例为 70-80%。非常害怕艾滋病的受访者比例从 1994 年的最高 44%显著下降到 2010 年的约 20%。1995 年后，首次发生性行为时使用避孕套的情况很普遍，而在 2010 年，前一年没有使用避孕套的情况比 1992 年要少得多。然而，2010 年报告最近一次性行为中使用避孕套的比例是自 1994 年以来最低的，同时报告没有使用任何避孕措施的年轻男性比例从 2004 年的 9.2%增加到 2010 年的 18.8%。