Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional Center for Food and Nutrition (SEAMEO RECFON), Jakarta, Indonesia.
J Nutr. 2013 Jul;143(7):1184-93. doi: 10.3945/jn.112.166397. Epub 2013 May 22.
Probiotics and milk calcium may increase resistance to intestinal infection, but their effect on growth and iron and zinc status of Indonesian children is uncertain. We investigated the hypotheses that cow milk with added probiotics would improve growth and iron and zinc status of Indonesian children, whereas milk calcium alone would improve growth but reduce iron and zinc status. A 6-mo randomized trial was conducted in low-socioeconomic urban communities of Jakarta. Healthy children (n = 494) were randomly assigned to receive low-lactose milk with a low calcium content of ∼50 mg/d (LC; n = 124), a regular calcium content of ∼440 mg/d (RC group; n = 126), regular calcium with 5 × 10(8) CFU/d Lactobacillus casei CRL 431 (casei; n = 120), or regular calcium with 5 × 10(8) CFU/d Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (reuteri; n = 124). Growth, anemia, and iron and zinc status were assessed before and after the intervention. Compared with the RC group, the reuteri group had significantly greater weight gain [0.22 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.42) kg], weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) changes [0.09 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.17)], and monthly weight [0.03 (95% CI: 0.002, 0.05) kg/mo] and height [0.03 (95% CI: 0.01, 0.05) cm/mo] velocities. Casei significantly increased monthly weight velocity [0.03 (95% CI: 0.001, 0.05) kg/mo], but not height. However, the changes in underweight, stunting, anemia prevalence, and iron and zinc status were similar between groups. In conclusion, L. reuteri DSM 17938 modestly improved growth by increasing weight gain, WAZ changes, and weight and height velocity, whereas L. casei CRL 431 modestly improved weight velocity. Independent from probiotics supplementation, regular milk calcium did not affect growth or iron and zinc status.
益生菌和牛奶钙可能会增加对肠道感染的抵抗力，但它们对印度尼西亚儿童生长和铁锌状况的影响尚不确定。我们研究了以下假设：添加益生菌的牛奶会改善印度尼西亚儿童的生长和铁锌状况，而单纯的牛奶钙只会改善生长，但会降低铁锌状况。在雅加达的低社会经济城市社区进行了一项为期 6 个月的随机试验。健康儿童（n = 494）被随机分配接受低乳糖、钙含量约为 50 毫克/天的牛奶（LC 组，n = 124）、钙含量约为 440 毫克/天的常规钙牛奶（RC 组，n = 126）、含有 5×10(8)CFU/d 干酪乳杆菌 CRL431（干酪乳杆菌）的常规钙牛奶（n = 120）或含有 5×10(8)CFU/d 罗伊氏乳杆菌 DSM17938（罗伊氏乳杆菌）的常规钙牛奶（n = 124）。干预前后评估了生长、贫血和铁锌状况。与 RC 组相比，罗伊氏乳杆菌组体重增加显著（0.22（95%CI：0.02，0.42）kg），体重年龄 Z 评分（WAZ）变化显著（0.09（95%CI：0.01，0.17）），月体重（0.03（95%CI：0.002，0.05）kg/月）和身高（0.03（95%CI：0.01，0.05）cm/月）变化率也显著增加。干酪乳杆菌显著增加了月体重变化率（0.03（95%CI：0.001，0.05）kg/月），但对身高没有影响。然而，各组间消瘦、发育迟缓、贫血患病率以及铁锌状况的变化相似。总之，罗伊氏乳杆菌 DSM17938 通过增加体重增加、WAZ 变化和体重及身高增长率适度改善了生长，而干酪乳杆菌 CRL431 适度增加了体重增长率。独立于益生菌补充剂，常规牛奶钙对生长或铁锌状况没有影响。
