Brockman David, Chen Xiaoli
Department of Food Science and Nutrition; University of Minnesota, Twin Cities; Saint Paul, MN USA.
Adipocyte. 2012 Jan 1;1(1):25-37. doi: 10.4161/adip.19129.
Adipose tissue plays a central role in body weight homeostasis, inflammation, and insulin resistance via serving as a fat-buffering system, regulating lipid storage and mobilization and releasing a large range of adipokines and cytokines. Adipose tissue is also the major inflammation-initiated site in obesity. Adipose-derived adipokines and cytokines are known to be involved in the modulation of a wide range of important physiological processes, particularly immune response, glucose and lipid homeostasis and insulin resistance. Adipose tissue dysfunction, characterized by an imbalanced secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory adipokines and cytokines, decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, dysregulation of lipid storage and release and mitochondrial dysfunction, has been linked to obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. Proteomic technology has been a powerful tool for identifying key components of the adipose proteome, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of adipose tissue dysfunction in obesity. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in the proteomic characterization of adipose tissue and discussed the identified proteins that potentially play important roles in insulin resistance and lipid homeostasis.
脂肪组织通过作为脂肪缓冲系统、调节脂质储存和动员以及释放多种脂肪因子和细胞因子，在体重稳态、炎症和胰岛素抵抗中发挥核心作用。脂肪组织也是肥胖中主要的炎症起始部位。已知脂肪来源的脂肪因子和细胞因子参与多种重要生理过程的调节，特别是免疫反应、葡萄糖和脂质稳态以及胰岛素抵抗。脂肪组织功能障碍的特征是促炎和抗炎脂肪因子及细胞因子分泌失衡、胰岛素刺激的葡萄糖摄取减少、脂质储存和释放失调以及线粒体功能障碍，与肥胖及其相关代谢紊乱有关。蛋白质组学技术一直是识别脂肪蛋白质组关键成分的有力工具，这些成分可能导致肥胖中脂肪组织功能障碍的发病机制。在本综述中，我们总结了脂肪组织蛋白质组学表征的最新进展，并讨论了在胰岛素抵抗和脂质稳态中可能发挥重要作用的已鉴定蛋白质。
